10654 results
On July 5, 2013, CDC was notified of two cases of laboratory-confirmed measles in recently adopted children from an orphanage in Henan Province, China. To find potentially exposed persons, CDC...
Vaccine has published a supplement entitled “Rotavirus Surveillance, Safety, and Economic Data before Vaccine Introduction: a Global Perspective from the World Health Organization Global Rotavirus...
Background
The introduction of the inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV) represents a crucial step in the polio eradication endgame. This trial examined the safety and immunogenicity of IPV given...
BACKGROUND:
Vaccination is the most effective intervention strategy, and the provision of vaccination at fixed posts and outreach posts is a backbone of a sustainable vaccination system in...
The Gambia introduced seven-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) in August 2009 and switched to 13-valent PCV in April 2011. In April 2009, monovalent hepatitis B and combined...
As women vaccinated against measles transfer low amounts of antibodies, an increasing number of infants lack early protection through maternal antibodies until being immunised themselves.
This...
Challenges in reaching good vaccination coverage against measles emerged in several European Union/European Economic Area Member States (EU/EEA MS) leading to progressive accumulation of susceptible...
The last widespread circulation of wild poliovirus in Israel was 25 years ago, resulting in a national outbreak with cases of permanent paralytic polio [3]. The major difference between the 1988...
Background
Replacement of the trivalent oral poliovirus vaccine (tOPV) with bivalent types 1 and 3 oral poliovirus vaccine (bOPV) and global introduction of inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV) are...
Vaccination is one of the most effective ways to prevent and/or control the outbreak of infectious diseases. This medical intervention also brings about many logistical questions. In the past years,...
The majority of industrialized and some developing countries have established technical advisory bodies to guide and formulate national immunization policies and strategies. These are referred to as...
The term vaccine hesitancy refers to delay in acceptance or refusal of vaccines despite the availability of vaccination services. Different factors influence vaccine hesitancy and these are...
The WHO European Region has been declared polio-free since 2002. By 2010, inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) was the only polio vaccine in use in the EU/EEA for the primary vaccination of children. A...
Global vaccine stockpiles, in which vaccines are reserved for use when needed for emergencies or supply shortages, have effectively provided countries with the capacity for rapid response to...
A face-to-face survey of 158 policymakers and other influential professionals was conducted in eight dengue-endemic countries in Asia (India, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam) and Latin America (Brazil,...
This journal article presents key findings from a survey of 43 countries about the status of NLWGs. The study was conducted by the WHO-UNICEF Immunization Supply Chain Hub.
Comprehensive reviews of pre licensure rotavirus strain prevalence data indicated the global importance of six rotavirus genotypes, G1P[8], G2P[4], G3P[8], G4P[8], G9P[8] and G12P[8]. Since 2006, two...
In Canada, rotavirus vaccine is recommended for all infants, but not all provinces/territories have publicly funded programs. The researchers compared public and healthcare provider (HCP) knowledge,...
A clear vision for vaccines research and development (R&D) is needed if Europe is to continue to lead the discovery of next generation vaccines. Innovation Partnership for a Roadmap on Vaccines in...
Hallmarks in the remarkable evolution of vaccines and their application include the eradication of smallpox, the development and delivery of the early childhood vaccines and the emergence of...
Pertussis, a highly contagious respiratory infection, remains a public health priority despite the availability of vaccines for 70 years. Still a leading cause of mortality in developing countries,...
In 1985, the Rockefeller Foundation published Good health at low cost to discuss why some countries or regions achieve better health and social outcomes than do others at a similar level of income...
Meghalaya, a hilly tribal state in northeast India, has many inaccessible areas with little or no access to good quality health services. With an infant mortality rate (IMR) of 58 infant deaths per...
Respiratory tract infections are prevalent among Hajj pilgrims with pneumonia being a leading cause of hospitalization. Streptococcus pneumoniae is a common pathogen isolated from patients with...
The study concludes that immunisation policies regarding BCG vaccine exist in the majority of European countries. Indications for BCG immunisation varied considerably, likely reflecting national TB...
Of 3 potential contributing factors to perceived barriers—nativity, socioeconomic position, and use of traditional Hmong health care (i.e., consulting shamans and herbalists)—the latter 2...
Trivalent oral poliovirus vaccine (tOPV) is known to interfere with monovalent rotavirus vaccine (RV1) immunogenicity. Interference with bivalent and monovalent OPV formulations, which will be...
A goal of the Global Vaccine Action Plan, led by the World Health Organization, is country ownership by 2020, defined here as the point when a country fully finances its routine immunization program...
There is a theoretical risk of adverse events following immunization with a preservative-free, 2-dose vial formulation of 10-valent-pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV10). We set out to measure this...
Aluminum adjuvants, commonly referred to as “alum,” are the most widespread immunostimulants in human vaccines. Although the mechanisms that promote humoral responses to alum-adsorbed antigens...
Childhood vaccination has been promoted as a global intervention aimed at improving child survival and health, through the reduction of vaccine preventable deaths. However, there exist significant...
Background
Childhood immunisation is a cost-effective activity in health. Immunisation of children has contributed to reducing child morbidity and mortality. In the last two decades, global deaths...
In October 2010, a virulent South Asian strain of El Tor cholera began to spread in Haiti. Interventions have included treatment of cases and improved sanitation. Use of cholera vaccines would likely...
From 2011 to 2013, immunization proponents won significant legislative victories that tightened philosophical exemptions in Washington, Oregon, and California. Highlighting data on the high rates of...
- 2023
Countries now have access to an unprecedented wave of new vaccine presentation and product options and alternative schedules, with more options in the pipeline. This expanding landscape provides an...
Background
Increased vulnerability of HIV infected children to numerous other infections is an argument for vaccination protection. Lately, we have been facing diseases that can be prevented by...
This investigation was done to assess vaccine effectiveness of one and two doses of the measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) vaccine during an outbreak of mumps in Ontario. The level of coverage...
This study captures the perspectives of stakeholders at multiple levels of the vaccine supply chain regarding their assessment of challenges with storing vaccines within recommended temperature...
Meningococcal meningitis is a major cause of disease worldwide, with frequent epidemics particularly affecting an area of sub-Saharan Africa known as the “meningitis belt”. Neisseria meningitidis...
Three highly effective vaccines are available to prevent human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, and they have been introduced in many countries around the world. This article describes advances and...
M. tuberculosis and helminth infection each affects one third of the world population. Helminth infections down regulate cell mediated immune responses and this may contribute to lower efficacy of...
Surveillance for adverse events following immunization (AEFI) is an important component of any national immunization program. In the People's Republic of China (China), a populous, middle-income...
Acute bacterial meningitis (ABM) is a major cause of illness and death in children in sub-Saharan Africa. Neisseria meningitidis is the most common cause of ABM in the meningitis belt (sub-Saharan...
Nigeria is the most populous country in Africa and in 2012 was suffering some of the lowest vaccination rates in the World. A combination of factors had resulted in a dysfunctional immunization cold...
Tremendous progress has been made globally to reduce the contribution of measles to the burden of childhood deaths and measles cases have dramatically decreased with increased two dose...
Pertussis continues to challenge medical professionals; recently described increases in incidence may be due to age-cohort effects, vaccine effectiveness, or changes in testing patterns. Toronto,...
Collection of timely and accurate immunization information is essential for effective immunization programs. Current immunization information systems have important limitations that impact the...
The global burden of cervical cancer is large and is increasing and it disproportionately affects low-resource countries.In 2008 there were approximately 529 000 new cases and over 270 000 deaths, of...