96 results
AMÉLIORATION DE LA COUVERTURE VACCINALE CONTRE LA COVID-19 PARMI LES POPULATIONS RÉFUGIÉES AU PAKISTAN
Enhancing COVID-19 vaccination coverage among refugee populations in Pakistan
Communities missed by immunisation in urban areas tend to be marginalized in slums and often lack access to any other basic services. Although overall routine coverage is higher in urban...
Well trained and motivated human resources for health (HRH) is a fundament for good quality immunization services. Many countries struggle with HRH challenges including low pay, lack of incentives...
Pakistan: Lessons on use of vaccination-related restrictions to generate demand for Covid-19 vaccine
Negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on routine childhood immunization: experience from Pakistan
The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted routine childhood immunization coverage for many vaccine-preventable diseases at the global, regional and national levels. In Pakistan, more than 40 million...
Like the climate crisis, the COVID-19 pandemic could be regarded as a child-rights crisis because it could have life-threatening impact over children, who need immunization, now and in the long-term....
COVID-19 pandemic has affected routine immunization globally. Impact will likely be higher in low and middle-income countries with limited healthcare resources and fragile health systems. We...
We compared the ZM EIR data from Karachi in the 6 months before the COVID-19 lockdown (Sept 23, 2019–March 22, 2020) with those from the first 6 weeks of the lockdown period (March 23–May 9,...
A large-scale vaccination campaign using needle-free jet injectors in 2019 is described, including data on the acceptability of jet injectors by vaccinators and caregivers
کرونا وائرس سے ہونے والی بیماری سے بچاؤ اور ہمارے جوابی اقدامات
فرنٹ لائن ورکرز کے لئے
تعارفی سیشن
Synthesis report covering a cross-country analysis of data review teams interventions carried out by CHAI, John Snow, Inc., and VillageReach. Surfaces three principles and eight recommendations for...
VillageReach describes how the supply chain design process provides a good opportunity to investigate and address potential inequities. VillageReach documented its framework to help identify...
Background: Within Pakistan, estimates of vaccination coverage with the pentavalent vaccine, oral polio vaccine (OPV) and measles vaccine (MV) in 2011 were reported to be 74%, 75% and 53%,...
The global effort to eradicate poliomyelitis has reduced the incidence of cases caused by wild poliovirus by more than 99% since its launch in 1988, from 350 000 annual cases in 125 endemic...
In 1988, the World Health Assembly resolved to eradicate poliomyelitis by the year 2000. Although substantial progress was achieved by 2000, global polio eradication proved elusive. In India, the...
The goal of polio eradication is edging ever closer to reality. There is much to celebrate; data from Nigeria suggest limited transmission of wild-type and vaccine-derived polio virus in the northern...
A fractional dose of inactivated poliovirus vaccine (fIPV) administered by the intradermal route delivers one fifth of the full vaccine dose administered by the intramuscular route and offers a...
The Global Polio Eradication Initiative has reduced the global incidence of polio by 99% and the number of countries with endemic polio from 125 to 3 countries. The Polio Eradication and Endgame...
The Immunization Systems Management Group (IMG) was established to coordinate and oversee objective 2 of the Polio Eradication and Endgame Strategic Plan 2013–2018, namely, (1) introduction of ≥1...
The Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI) continues to make progress toward the eradication target. Only one of the three serotypes, wild poliovirus (WPV) type 1 (WPV1), is still circulating,...
Global measures to eradicate polio began in 1988; as of 2014, four of six World Health Organization (WHO) regions have been certified polio-free. Within the two endemic regions (African and Eastern...
This article aims to understand why the last few areas where polio remains are affected by armed conflicts involving militant organizations that use Islam to legitimize their activities. The first...
Because Pakistan is the country with the most daunting challenges for ending transmission of endemic poliovirus, the work of Habib et al in this issue is critical for achieving polio eradication...
Strong progress continues to be made since the Health Assembly called for the worldwide eradication of poliomyelitis in 1988.1 At the time, poliomyelitis was endemic in more than 125 countries around...
Polio cases due to wild virus are reported by only three countries in the world. Poliovirus type 2 has been globally eradicated and the last detection of poliovirus type 3 dates to November 2012....
In this National Emergency Action Plan (NEAP) for 2016 - 2017, the main objective is to stop transmission in the core reservoirs and maintain or increase population immunity against polio in the rest...
BACKGROUND:
Considering the current polio situation Pakistan needs vaccine combinations to reach maximum population level immunity. The trial assessed whether inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV)...
Drawing on research conducted in early 2012, this study focuses on factors affecting parental acceptance of oral polio vaccine (OPV), and health worker motivation to deliver it, in SITE Town, an area...
Background
In Pakistan, only 59-73% of children 12-23 months of age are fully immunized. This randomized, controlled trial was conducted to assess the impact of a low-literacy immunization promotion...
In January 2012, completion of polio eradication was declared a programmatic emergency for global public health by the Executive Board of the World Health Organization (WHO) (1). Despite major...
The health needs of children and adolescents in humanitarian emergencies are critical to the success of relief efforts and reduction in mortality. Measles has been one of the major causes of child...
Over the last two years, the Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI), a private-public partnership that has reduced polio worldwide by 99% since its launch in 1988, has greatly expanded the...
Zika virus was originally identified in a sentinel rhesus monkey in the Zika Forest of Uganda in 1947. The virus is a member of the family Flaviviridae, genus Flavivirus, and is transmitted to humans...
Since 1988, when the Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI)* began, the annual number of polio cases has decreased by >99% (1). Only three countries remain that have never interrupted wild...
Introduction: Origins and Definitions
International cooperation for purposes of infectious and tropical disease control goes back to at least the 14th century, when early concepts of quarantine...
This report presents poliovirus surveillance data from 2014 and 2015, focusing on the 20 countries in the African Region and six in the Eastern Mediterranean Region that reported a WPV or circulating...
A qualitative study design was adapted to explore the challenges faced by health workers (HWs) during the polio health campaign. In addition, HWs’ opinions about the factors causing parents to...
In 1988, WHO estimated around 787,000 newborns deaths due to neonatal tetanus. Despite few success stories majority of the Low and Middle Income Countries (LMICs) are still struggling to reduce...
Since its inception in 1978, Pakistan\'s Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI) has contributed significantly towards child health and survival in Pakistan. However, the WHO-estimated immunization...
The global polio eradication initiative is at a critical crossroads. Some 25 years ago, the World Health Organization (WHO), supported by Rotary International, launched a global goal of eradicating...
Global poliomyelitis eradication is almost within reach—this disease persists only in Nigeria, Afghanistan, and Pakistan, which are countries with substantial Muslim populations.1 Today this...
Despite governmental efforts to increase rates of immunization against childhood diseases, the proportion of incompletely immunized children in Pakistan is still high. Targeted interventions are...
The 2013 deadline for the worldwide goal to eradicate polio has come and gone, with a new endgame set for 2018. Although cases of polio have decreased by 99% worldwide since 1988, geopolitical...
On 27 March 2014, India and the entire WHO South East Asia Region were certified polio-free , bringing to 80% the proportion of the world’s population that now lives in regions entirely free of...
In 2015, wild poliovirus (WPV) transmission was identified only in Afghanistan and Pakistan. The widespread use of live, attenuated oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) has been crucial in polio eradication...
Disease eradication is an attractive public health goal. In addition to eliminating illnesses and deaths, eradication can lead to substantial cost savings. Eradication has been attempted for many...
The researchers conclude that the effectiveness of bivalent OPV is comparable with monovalent OPV and can therefore be used in eradicating serotype 1 poliomyelitis whilst minimising the risks of...
Since its launch in 1988, the World Health Organization\'s Global Polio Eradication Initiative has reduced worldwide polio incidence by >99%. The most dramatic progress was achieved up to the year...
Can lay health workers increase the uptake of childhood immunisation? Systematic review and typology
Lay health workers (LHWs) are used in many settings to increase immunisation uptake among children. However, little is known about the effectiveness of these interventions. The objective of this...
Svea Closser. Vanderbilt University Press. Nashville, Tennessee, USA. 2010. 256 pp. $59.95. ISBN: 978-0-826-51708-1 (hardcover).
The detailed operational information Closser has gathered and...
Hepatitis B is a major burden in Pakistan. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Peshawar, from 9th June to 19th June 2010. Cluster random sampling was done. Confidence level of 95% and confidence...
In January 2012, polio eradication was declared a \"programmatic emergency for global public health\" by the Executive Board of the World Health Organization (WHO) (1). Since the Global Polio...
The fight against endemic polio transmission is restricted to three countries: Pakistan, Afghanistan, and Nigeria. In 2012, when the world saw the lowest numbers of cases from polio-reporting...
The Global Vaccine Action Plan (GVAP) sets ambitious but achievable goals, to save thousands of lives through vaccination in this Decade of Vaccines to 2020.
The Decade of Vaccines is not on...
The Strategic Advisory Group of Experts on immunization (SAGE) met on 20–22 October 2015. This report summarizes the discussions, conclusions and recommendations. For the malaria session, SAGE was...
In 1988, the World Health Assembly of the World Health Organization (WHO) resolved to eradicate polio worldwide (1). Wild poliovirus (WPV) transmission has been interrupted in all but three countries...
Immunization against polio is higher in urban areas as compared to rural areas. Marked variation in vaccination has been observed in different provinces of Pakistan in the last decade. Secondly...
Measles is a highly infectious and contagious disease of the respiratory system caused by Morbilivirus which belongs to family Paramyxoviridae (Hashiguchi et al., 2011[8]). The disease is a common...
WHO and partners hope that they can finally rid the world of polio. But insurgency, Taliban-initiated boycotts, and a US$1 billion funding deficit will not make it an easy task. Dara Mohammadi...
INTRODUCTION: Pakistan accounts for 85.2% of the total polio cases reported worldwide. Healthcare workers (HCWs) are an integral part of immunization campaigns and source of education for the general...
The main constraints identified in the study were the poor condition of the cold chain in all aspects, poor skills and a lack of authority in resource allocation and human resource management,...
Through efforts of the Global Polio Eradication Initiative (GPEI), begun in 1988, indigenous transmission of wild poliovirus (WPV) had been interrupted in all but four countries (Afghanistan,...
Polio communication reviews at international, national and sub-national levels have supported improvements in the collection, analysis and use of data, contributed to a consensus building process...
In 1974, WHO established the Expanded Programme on Immunization to ensure
that all children have access to routinely recommended vaccines. Since then, global coverage with the 4 core vaccines –...
This review provides limited evidence that interventions aimed at communities to inform and educate about early childhood vaccination may improve attitudes towards vaccination and probably increase...
This 2015 Pneumonia and Diarrhea Progress Report evaluates the progress of the 15 countries with the greatest burden of under-five pneumonia and diarrhea
deaths in implementing high-impact...
Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) is a rare disorder in the developed world. However, an upsurge has been seen lately in our part of the world owing to inadequate measles immunization...
The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that there are 350 million people with chronic HBV infection and 170 million people with chronic HCV infection worldwide. Hepatitis B is estimated to...
Elimination of poliovirus from endemic countries is a crucial step in eradication; however, vaccination programmes in these areas face challenges, especially in regions with conflict. We analysed...
The study concludes that only particular forms of internal armed conflict – those prosecuted by Islamist insurgents – explain the current global distribution of polio. The variation over time in...
The eradication of a human infectious disease is a major challenge and, if achieved, represents a enormous achievement. This article explores the long and difficult journey towards eradication for...
In the context of resource-poor settings in low-income countries with poor coverage of tetanus toxoid immunization, the use of CDKs seems to be an effective strategy for reducing NNT infection,...
This paper describes the perceptions of health workers and managers regarding constraints in the Polio Eradication Initiative (PEI) to ultimately provide evidence for designing future interventions.
Typhoid vaccination is a public health priority in developing countries where young children are greatly affected by typhoid fever. Because present vaccines are not recommended for children younger...
The following report displays data and figures on the introduction status of Hib vaccine, pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV), rotavirus vaccine, and inactivated polio vaccine (IPV)* both globally...
In 1988, the World Health Assembly of the World Health Organization (WHO) resolved to eradicate polio worldwide. Among the three wild poliovirus (WPV) types (type 1, type 2, and type 3), WPV type 2...
In 1988, the World Health Assembly (WHA) resolved to eradicate polio worldwide. In 2015, only Afghanistan and Pakistan have reported wild poliovirus (WPV) transmission. Timely steps are needed for...
Pertussis or whooping cough is a highly contagious community disease mainly caused by Bordetella pertussis andB. parapertussis. The researchers report a minor outbreak of whooping cough (2009–2010)...
Supplementary immunisation activities with oral poliovirus vaccines (OPVs) are usually separated by 4 week intervals; however, shorter intervals have been used in security-compromised areas and for...
This presentation discusses some of the history and progress of the vLMIS system in the larger LMIS system that Pakistan has for managing essential medicine supplies. Some of the functionalities of...
This document describes an incentivized vaccination pilot in Pakistan where parents receive may win grocery shopping credit through lottery if they vaccinate their children. It also employs the use...
This report, prepared by the Secretariat for the Decade of Vaccines Global Vaccine Action Plan, serves as the basis for the independent review. As was the case in 2013 and 2014, this report reviews...
The Global Polio Eradication Initiative, established in 1988, has led to the immunization of 2.5 billion children against the disease. In 2014, only 359 cases of poliomyelitis (polio) were reported...
Problem Polio remains endemic in many areas of Pakistan, including large urban centres such as Karachi.
Approach During each of seven supplementary immunization activities against polio in Karachi,...
The Global Polio Eradication Initiative is closer than ever to achieving a polio-free world. Immunization activities must still be carried out in non-endemic countries to maintain population immunity...
The intention of this case study is to reframe the continuous improvement plan (cIP) as a roadmap of action rather than a follow-up step to an Effective Vaccine Management (EVM) assessment, using...
Lessons learned from building human resources and workforce capacity to operate LMIS systems in Pakistan are summarized.
This project studies a working but manual immunization system in place in Pakistan- subject to concerns such as poor record-keeping- reaching targeted children and unavailability of latest census. We...