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Kauai physicians and District Health Office staff established a computerized tracking system in 1993 to improve immunization rates in Kauai-born infants. Comparison of 1995 and 1996 audit results of...
A presentation about Efforts to improve the design, availability and use of HBRs.
The objective of the HBR project in Benin was to work with stakeholders in Benin to (a) redesign and standardize the immunization section of the cards and (b) further incorporate efforts to improve...
This briefer outlines and analyzes the results from the 26 responses received from 18 countries in Africa. The purpose of the survey was to understand the current needs and processes for immunization...
This is a generic immunization table used in most countries which should be incorporated into HBRs.
These slides were developed and presented at a joint meeting of the Family Planning & Immunization Integration Working Group to show the importance of improving availability and use of immunization...
Immunization cards (HBR) are an important reporting tool worldwide for recording and tracking individuals\' vaccination status. Countries face challenges with ensuring that children/parents receive...
Routine immunizations and new vaccine introductions are two best buys in global health. But while immunization coverage has increased dramatically in the last decade, more must be done to ensure...
This BID Initiative infographic illustrates the impact of data quality and use interventions in Tanzania and Zambia, where electronic immunization registries have been implemented.
Le présent document fournit des informations pratiques pour la collecte, le traitement et l’analyse des données des indicateurs de couverture vaccinale établis dans le cadre d’enquêtes...
This white paper provides practical information related to the collection, processing, analysis, and reporting of vaccination coverage indicator data in household surveys. In doing so, the document...
This documents is an exhaustive user guide for the TechNet-21 CCE area. This area offers everything you need to know about WHO PQS-prequalified products. If you’re a user in need of information to...
The following report displays data and figures on the introduction status of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV), rotavirus vaccine, and inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) both globally and in 73 Gavi...
This page describe the proper disposal of various phase materials and gel packs developed by Cold Chain Technologies, Inc.
Past quantitative research on health financing has focused mostly on the level and distribution of total expenditure, with little emphasis on the specific role of public funds, despite their known...
A WHO-produced infographic that explains \"How do CTC and ECTC relate to each other?\"
This document provides an overview of the “controlled temperature chain” (CTC) by answering a series of questions.
WHO web page for background material and other CTC resources.
Ending Cholera—A Global Roadmap to 2030 operationalises the new global strategy for cholera control at the country level and provides a concrete path toward a world in which cholera is no longer a...
The WHO Accountability Framework acts as an enabler by providing the overall architecture for accountability in the Organization and defining what it entails. It is guided by ...
The Seventy-first World Health Assembly has approved WHO\'s 13th General Programme of Work (GPW13).
The purpose of this document is to provide a standard framework and best current practice for implementation of an Early Warning and Response Network (EWARN) and its operation in the field,...
eTool: An etool based on the framework for decision making has been developed. The intended audience for the eTool includes UNICEF and WHO staff, government and partner agencies who are expected to...
This guide outlines the essential steps to consider when implementing a vaccination intervention in the context of a humanitarian emergency.
In 2011, WHO and a group of partners developed a strategic document on vaccine safety called the Global Vaccine Safety Blueprint. This document sets out indicators that aim to ensure that all...
Vaccine-preventable disease outbreaks occurring in humanitarian emergencies highlighted the need for a comprehensive and evidence-based decision-making framework for vaccination in humanitarian...
This new series of modules on immunization training for Mid-level Managers (MLM) replaces the last version which was published in 1991.
There have been many changes in the world of immunization...
WHO web page for Effective Vaccine Management (EVM) training resources.
This annex provides guidance on the use of serosurveys to estimate population immunity and monitor disease risk for tetanus. The aims of tetanus vaccination are 1) to achieve and sustain maternal and...
This document describes the reasoning behind and need for an updated, long-term (2017-‐2026) and global (Africa and Americas) strategy to “Eliminate Yellow fever Epidemics” (EYE). It...
This revision to the multi-dose vial policy provides updated guidance on how to handle all opened multi-dose vials of WHO pre-qualified vaccines. It outlines the conditions under which opened...
Studies in both industrialized and developing countries have revealed that vaccines are commonly exposed to damaging temperatures, especially exposure to sub-zero temperatures. The simplest way to...
A system design approach offers a framework for analysing, designing, and implementing solutions to improve the performance of a vaccine supply chain system. However, with little information...
Perception of health workers on the use of remote temperature monitoring systems The ability to monitor vaccines for optimal temperatures throughout the supply chain is a cornerstone of successful...
This article reviews the off-label recommendations and use of vaccines, and focuses on the differences between the labelled instructions on how to use the vaccine as approved by the regulatory...
A cold room temperature mapping study establishes the temperature distribution in cold rooms – the largest vaccine storage equipment within a country’s cold chain, generally used at central or...
As part a life-course approach to immunization, the importance of strengthening platforms for administering vaccines and other health interventions in the second year of life (2YL) is...
The new Global Strategy aims to achieve the highest attainable standard of health for all women, children and adolescents, transform the future and ensure that every newborn, mother and child not...
This document is aimed at programme managers who are planning to introduce vaccines for older children and adolescents aged between 6 and 17 years. It provides information that should be...
The Strategic Advisory Group of Experts (SAGE) on Immunization was established by the Director-General of the World Health Organization in 1999 to provide guidance on the work of WHO. SAGE is the...
The Strategic Advisory Group of Experts (SAGE) on Immunization met on 23–25 October 2018. This report summarizes the discussions, conclusions and recommendations of the Group.
The Strategic Advisory Group of Experts (SAGE) on immunization met on 17–18 April 2018. This report summarizes the discussions, conclusions and recommendations.
This essential resource document reviews the principles and issues to be considered when making decisions about planning and implementing the introduction of a vaccine into a national immunization...
Periodic Intensification of Routine Immunization (PIRI): Lessons learned and implications for action
This paper surveys a wide array of PIRI experiences, drawing on the fragmented documentation that exists at this time. It is based on a desk review of planning documents,guidelines, website...
This information bulletin addresses the implications and required guidance associated with the upcoming scheduled shift in vaccine vial monitor (VVM) of the GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals SA (GSK)...
This generic protocol outlines a uniform approach to monitoring the impact of rotavirus vaccines that can be modified by countries to meet their specific needs. It provides background and...
The World Health Organization (WHO) Expert Consultation on Rabies met in Geneva, Switzerland, on 18–20 September 2012. Dr Denis Daumerie, Project Manager, welcomed the participants on...
This guidance note for National Immunization Programmes aims to:
Present considerations regarding the involvement of nongovernmental (private) providers in vaccine delivery (including...
The global effort to eradicate polio has been one of the largest public health initiatives in history. The Global Polio Eradication Initiative is composed of a large workforce of frontline...
Critical steps in assuring quality cell cultures and reproducibility of cell line stocks occur at the time of receipt of new cultures in the laboratory and establishment of a frozen cell bank. ...
Early confirmation of infection and transmission of polioviruses is an important first step towards implementing public health interventions to limit virus spread. Experiences in the WHO global polio...
The Polio Eradication & Endgame Strategic Plan 2013-2018 is a comprehensive, long-term strategy that to deliver a polio-free world by 2018. It was developed by the Global Polio Eradication Initiative...
The global effort to eradicate polio has been one of the largest public health initiatives in history. The Global Polio Eradication Initiative is composed of a large workforce of frontline...
This page presents the background information, programmatic considerations, implementation experiences and materials available related to the fractional dose administration of IPV. This is a...
Classification and reporting of vaccine-derived polioviruses (VDPV)
This page makes available existing guidelines and tools related to immunization financing and targeted at immunization service managers, policy-makers, researchers, international donors and health...
Home-based records have been used in both low- and high-income countries to improve maternal and child health. We define a function–capacity conceptual framework for home-based records showing how...
Whooping cough is a worldwide infectious disease caused by the bacteria Bordetella pertussis and Bordetella parapertussis. It is a respiratory disease occurring after transmission of the bacteria...
The primary objective of this protocol is to estimate the incidence and disease burden of pertussis in children under 5 years of age during periods of low to high (outbreak) disease activity. This...
Improving evidence informed decision-making in immunisation is a global health priority and many low and middle-income countries have established National Immunisation Technical Advisory Groups...
Resource Center for National Immunization Technical Advisory Groups (NITAGs) worldwide
Article from Vaccine, Volume 28, Supplement 1, 19 April 2010, A1-A5. This supplement of Vaccine contains detailed descriptions of the experiences and processes of 15 well-established National...
The purpose of this document is to make the most economical and effective use of resources, in order to ensure the development of high quality, evidence-informed recommendations Document dedicated to...
Article from Vaccine, Volume 28, Supplement 1, 19 April 2010, A13-A17. This paper presents the results of a global survey that aimed to collect information on country\'s immunization policy...
The primary objective of an immunization coverage survey is to provide a coverage estimate for selected vaccines or a set of vaccines (fully vaccinated for age) among infants, children and/or women...
Over time, Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI) coverage surveys have increased in complexity, matching the evolution of the EPI since its inception in 1974. Although many of the previous...
This module explains how to collect and report data for the monitoring of immunization services and the surveillance of vaccine-preventable diseases and adverse events following immunization (AEFI)....
Most of the data compiled on these pages is derived from official reports by WHO Member States and unless otherwise stated, data is reported annually through the WHO/UNICEF joint reporting...
GATHER is a checklist of 18 items that should be reported every time new global health estimates are published, including descriptions of input data and estimation methods. Developed by a working...
A well-functioning civil registration and vital statistics (CRVS) system registers all births and deaths, issues birth and death certificates, and compiles and disseminates vital statistics,...
This Facts Sheet informs of the availability of Measles vaccine and combined Measles-Rubella (MR) vaccine in both a 10-dose vial and a 5-dose vial presentations through (or via) UNICEF procurement....
This resource is a culmination of DPCP research results to provide decision makers with evidence that can be generalized to other countries when considering vaccine presentation.
Country- and...
Recent WHO guidelines point to knowledge gaps about home-based records despite their widespread use.
Future research should explore their impact on health outcomes, challenges including production...
In accordance with its mandate to provide
guidance to Member States on health policy
matters, WHO issues a series of regularly
updated position papers on vaccines
and combinations of vaccines...
Until recently, most meningitis epidemics in the meningitis belt of sub-Saharan Africa were due to Neisseria meningitidis serogroup A (NmA), such that the existing WHO guidelines have been directed...
This document aims to provide standardized guidance for public health authorities and investigators at all levels to plan and conduct the investigation of every meningitis case of Nm A. This...
Since 2010, the Neisseria meningitidis (Nm) A conjugate vaccine is being introduced on a large scale in countries of the African meningitis belt. It is expected that this vaccination programme will...
SIA readiness assessment tool: dashboard and excel sheets
The World Health Organization (WHO) measles programmatic risk assessment tool was developed to help national programmes to identify areas not meeting measles programmatic targets, and based on the...
This ten year global plan for measles and rubella outlines the strategy that needs to be fully implemented to achieve the measles and rubella goals endorsed by the World Health Assembly. The plan...
This document is for national immunization programme managers and immunization partners involved in operational support.
Its objectives are:
- To guide the policy discussions and operational...
While there are a multitude of strategies that can be used to deliver immunization services, there are only two types of doses that can be given--routine or supplemental.The main distinction is that...
The WHO Global Vaccine Action Plan for 2012–2020 has established as a target the elimination of measles and rubella in at least 5 WHO Regions by 2020.1 The working group on...
The information provided in this manual, while primarily intended as a resource for those directly responsible for laboratory support, can be valuable for other public health personnel and programme...
Q&A on the Phase 3 trial results for malaria vaccine RTS,S/AS01
Q&A on the malaria vaccine implementation programme (MVIP)
A first generation vaccine known as RTS,S/AS01 (RTS,S) acts against Plasmodium falciparum, the most deadly malaria parasite globally and the most prevalent in Africa. The vaccine provides partial...
Immunization and vaccines related implementation research advisory committee (IVIR-AC) meeting reports and executive summaries.
The Quantitative Immunization and Vaccines Related Research (QUIVER) Advisory Committee was established in 2007 with the main responsibility of reviewing quantitative methods in vaccine related...
The goal of the newly released Integrated Global Action Plan for the Prevention and Control of Pneumonia and Diarrhoea (GAPPD) is to reduce deaths from pneumonia to fewer than 3 children per 1000...
The Series “The Immunological Basis for immunization”, was initially developed in 1993 as a set of eight modules focusing on the vaccines included in the Expanded Programme on immunization...
The Immunization Practices Advisory Committee (IPAC), established in 2010, supports and advises the Director of the Department of Immunization, Vaccines and Biologicals (IVB), with the review and/or...
This document is intended for use by national immunization programme managers and immunization partners to inform the policy discussions and operational aspects for the introduction of HPV vaccine...
This report is a companion to the World Health Organization’s (WHO) 2016 guide for Introducing HPV Vaccine Into National Immunization Programmes. It primarily summarizes country-reported...
PRIME Tool is an Excel-based modelling tool for assessing the economic and human impact of vaccination against human papillomavirus.
This manual describes approaches to measuring pneumococcal and Hib conjugate vaccine impact and a framework for determining the best methodology for measuring that impact for different country or...
WHO recommends that Haemophilus influenzae type B (Hib) vaccine be included in routine infant immunization programmes for all children, as appropriate to national capacities and priorities. This...