219 results
The page provides ways of tacking vaccine inequity by promoting demand for immunization through social listening. It also provides other resources relevant to the topic,The page provides ways of...
Afghanistan: Reflections from the IOM on the successes and challenges of COVID-19 vaccination among migrants and mobile populations
Tanzania: Promoting access and mitigating barriers to COVID-19 vaccination amongst older people
Bangladesh: Using trusted voices to reach vaccine-resistant groups
Vaccine preventable diseases are still the most common cause of childhood mortality, with an estimated 3 million deaths every year, mainly in Africa and Asia. An estimate of 29% deaths among children...
mPowering’s ORB platform recently launched to help promote the sharing and re-use of openly licensed health worker training content. This webinar provides an introduction to the platform and why...
The purpose of the study was to assess whether the Road to Health Card (RTHC) was adequately completed and interpreted at primary, secondary and tertiary care levels in South Africa.
Editorial regarding update of South Africa\'s Road to Health Booklet.
Home-based records have been used in both low- and high-income countries to improve maternal and child health. We define a function–capacity conceptual framework for home-based records showing how...
WHO guidelines on home-based records for maternal, newborn and child health.
AOV with R&D support from PATH addressed the
problem of vaccine freezing by incorporating an inner
vaccine box made of engineered phase change material
(EPCM) into vaccine carrier. When used...
The immunomodulatory effects of probiotics may influence the response to vaccines. We systematically reviewed prospective randomised placebo-controlled studies in humans that have investigated the...
Background: Strategies are needed to improve oral rotavirus vaccine (RV), which provides sub-optimal protection in developing countries. Probiotics and zinc supplementation could improve RV...
This WHO report summarizes the latest internationally comparable data on health spending in all WHO Member States between 2000 and 2015. But it does more than publish the most recent data. For the...
Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) is responsible for serious pediatric respiratory infections, and kills close to one million children under the age of five each year. Unfortunately, the...
Home-based records (HBRs) are an important tool for achieving, monitoring and sustaining vaccination coverage; however they have often been under-utilized in immunization programs. Historically many...
OBJECTIVE:
To assess the association between Brazilian healthcare providers\' characteristics and their knowledge, perceptions, and practices regarding the HPV vaccine.
METHODS:
An...
The World Health Statistics series is WHO’s annual compilation of health statistics for its 194 Member States.
World Health Statistics 2017 compiles data on 21 health-related Sustainable...
BACKGROUND Social media can act as an important platform for debating, discussing, and disseminating information about vaccines. Our objectives were to map and describe the roles played by web-based...
Background
Despite remarkable progress in the improvement of child survival between 1990 and 2015, the Millennium Development Goal (MDG) 4 target of a two-thirds reduction of under-5 mortality rate...
The World Health Organization’s Regional Offices for Africa and for the Eastern Mediterranean in conjunction with the African Union and the Government of Ethiopia hosted a ministerial conference on...
Sequential or co-administration of vaccines has potential to alter the immune response to any of the antigens. Existing literature suggests that prior immunisation of tetanus/diphtheria-containing...
Gender equality has varied across time, with dramatic shifts in countries such as the United States in the past several decades. Although differences across societies and changes within societies in...
Mass vaccination has been a successful public health strategy for many contagious diseases. The immunity of the vaccinated also protects others who cannot be safely or effectively...
Improving survival and extending the longevity of life for all populations requires timely, robust evidence on local mortality levels and trends. The Global Burden of Disease 2015 Study (GBD 2015)...
We recently described the effect of a single-dose antihelminthic treatment on vaccine immunogenicity to a seasonal influenza vaccine. Here we report the effect of antihelminthics on the...
Objective To quantify the impact on mortality of offering a hypothetical set of technically feasible, high-impact interventions for maternal and child survival during India’s 2010–2013 measles...
As part of the Immunization eLearning Initiative, UNICEF and WHO announce the availability of a new online course for Microplanning. This type of planning is an important tool to ensure that...
Background
Despite the heightened risk of serious influenza during infancy, vaccination is not recommended in infants younger than 6 months. We aimed to assess the safety, immunogenicity, and...
BACKGROUND:
Neonatal hepatitis B vaccination has been implemented worldwide to prevent hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections. Its long-term protective efficacy on primary liver cancer (PLC) and other...
Summary
Background
With recent improvements in vaccines and treatments against viral hepatitis, an improved understanding of the burden of viral hepatitis is needed to inform global intervention...
Presently the dose of rabies immunoglobulin (RIG) which is an integral part of rabies post exposure prophylaxis (PEP) is calculated based on body weight though the recommendation is to infiltrate the...
The current West African outbreak of the Ebola virus disease (EVD) began in Guinea in December 2013 and rapidly spread to Liberia and Sierra Leone. On 20 July 2014, a sick individual flew into Lagos,...
The effort towards improving the health of the population in Kenya continues to produce results driven by accurate and timely data. Over the past three decades, the country has witnessed impressive...
Background
In Pakistan, only 59-73% of children 12-23 months of age are fully immunized. This randomized, controlled trial was conducted to assess the impact of a low-literacy immunization promotion...
There is now clear evidence that the simplistic conventional model of immunization is invalid [1]. We can no longer assume that a vaccine acts independently of other vaccines, or that it influences...
General practitioners (GPs) often lack time and resources to invest in health education; audiovisual messages broadcast in the waiting room may be a useful educational tool. This work was designed to...
WHO and UNICEF announce the availability of Immunization eLearning Initiative courses to all consultants, partners, and staff supporting immunization. The course series provides training in areas...
Malnourished children have increased risk of dying, with most deaths caused by infectious diseases. One mechanism behind this may be impaired immune function. However, this immune deficiency of...
The term ‘‘herd immunity’’ is widely used but carries a variety of meanings [1–7]. Some authors use it to describe the proportion immune among individuals in a population. Others use it...
An efficient algorithm that can properly identify the targets to immunize or quarantine for preventing an epidemic in a population without knowing the global structural information is of obvious...
M. tuberculosis and helminth infection each affects one third of the world population. Helminth infections down regulate cell mediated immune responses and this may contribute to lower efficacy of...
In May, 1974, WHO launched the Expanded Programme on Immunization—the global programme to immunise children worldwide with a set of (at the time) six core vaccines. 40 years on, the GAVI Alliance...
Challenges in reaching good vaccination coverage against measles emerged in several European Union/European Economic Area Member States (EU/EEA MS) leading to progressive accumulation of susceptible...
Funded immunization programs are best able to achieve high participation rates, optimal protection of the target population, and indirect protection of others. However, in many countries public...
To evaluate the effectiveness of a web based decision aid versus a leaflet versus, usual practice in reducing parents’ decisional conflict for the first dose MMR vaccination decision. The, impact...
Zika virus was originally identified in a sentinel rhesus monkey in the Zika Forest of Uganda in 1947. The virus is a member of the family Flaviviridae, genus Flavivirus, and is transmitted to humans...
The overall goal of this Toolkit is to support countries in the reactivation of essential health services in the aftermath of a public health emergency. The Toolkit has been constructed to support...
An infectious disease will be eradicated only if it is eliminated everywhere, including in the hardest-to-reach, most vaccine-wary communities. If eradication is successful, it promises a dividend in...
Background
Increased vulnerability of HIV infected children to numerous other infections is an argument for vaccination protection. Lately, we have been facing diseases that can be prevented by...
Haiti's progress in achieving its 10-year plan to eliminate cholera: hidden sickness cannot be cured
Since the beginning of the cholera epidemic in Haiti 5 years ago, the prevalence of this deadly water-borne disease has fallen far below the initial rates registered during its explosive outset....
Introduction: Origins and Definitions
International cooperation for purposes of infectious and tropical disease control goes back to at least the 14th century, when early concepts of quarantine...
There is a growing appreciation for the role of vaccines in confronting the problem of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Vaccines can reduce the prevalence of resistance by reducing the need for...
Human
papillomavirus (HPV) is a contemporary public health concern
because of its association with cervical cancer. Despite evidence
about HPV vaccination benefits, debate surrounds whether or not...
As of 11 May 2016, 58 countries and territories report continuing mosquito-borne transmission (Fig. 1) of which: 45 countries are experiencing a first outbreak of Zika virus since 2015, with...
GAVI’s focus on reducing inequities in access to vaccines, immunization, and GAVI funds, − both between and within countries - has changed over time. This paper charts that evolution.
BACKGROUND: Revised Australian guidelines have been announced under the Renew(®) program to commence screening at 25 years of age with HPV testing in 5-yearly intervals, in 2017. We conducted a...
OBJECTIVE: This qualitative study aimed to identify doctors\' and nurses\' perceptions of patient-, provider-, and system-level factors associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine completion...
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of a client-centered behavioral intervention (Brief Negotiated Interviewing) on mothers\' human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine knowledge and vaccination initiation for...
Since 1997, the Global Polio Eradication Initiative has sponsored regular door-to-door polio immunisation campaigns in northern Nigeria. On 30 July 2015, the country was finally declared poliofree, a...
Despite the availability of HPV prophylactic vaccines, uptake has been suboptimal in the US. In the state of Hawaii, HPV vaccine coverage has decreased among females and remains low among males aged...
School nurses are at the intersection of the healthcare and school communities, thus, they can be considered opinion leaders in providing health advice - including information about the human...
AIM: Romania ranks first in Europe in terms of mortality from cervical cancer, recording 6.3 times more deaths than the mean in EU countries. Although vaccination campaigns were launched by health...
In the current global environment of increased strain on health care budgets, all medical interventions have to compete for funding. Cost-effectiveness analysis has become a standard method to use in...
As we herald progress towards the Millennium Development Goals and strive to meet them, we have an approaching public health target that is sometimes forgotten. The global community has resolved to...
Human newborns are vulnerable to infectious diseases that account for majority of the morbidity and mortality, particularly in first year of life. Vaccines have become the most effective public...
The Japanese Ministry of Health, Labour, and Welfare (MHLW) partially suspended the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination programme in June, 2013. Although HPV vaccination has just been included in...
Of the 72 case patients with pertussis, 12 (16.67%) were hospitalized, and 34 (47.22%) were undervaccinated for DTaP vaccine by the date of pertussis diagnosis. Of the 288 matched controls, 64...
Twitter is a popular source of health information. This study reports a content analysis of posts about vaccinations, documenting sources, tone, and medical accuracy. Results can help explain patient...
Serious illnesses or even deaths may rarely occur after childhood vaccinations. Public health programs are faced with great challenges to establish if the events presenting after the administration...
Given the growing use and great potential of mobile apps, this project aimed to develop and implement a user-friendly app to increase laypeople\'s knowledge and awareness of invasive pneumococcal...
Purpose . In the United States, 36% of human papillomavirus (HPV)-related cancers occur among men. HPV vaccination can substantially reduce the risk of HPV infection; however, the vast majority of...
OBJECTIVE: General practitioners (GPs) play a crucial role in human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine acceptance in France. We sought to study: (1) GPs\' perceptions of its risks and efficacy and their...
BACKGROUND: The human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine is recommended for adolescent girls in many European countries, however there is huge variation in vaccine uptake.
METHODS: A mixed methods...
BACKGROUND: To measure the uptake of first invitation to cervical screening by vaccine status in a population-based cohort offered HPV immunisation in a national catch-up campaign.
METHODS: A...
This study examines how individual difference in consideration of future consequences (CFC) and temporal framing (i.e., present- vs. future-oriented message) interact to influence the persuasive...
BACKGROUND: Receiving a healthcare provider\'s recommendation is a strong predictor of HPV vaccination, but little is known empirically about which types of recommendation are most influential. Thus,...
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate an intervention aimed at increasing HPV vaccine completion of the 3-dose series and knowledge.
PARTICIPANTS: 264 male and female U.S. college students 18-26 years old who...
BACKGROUND: Human papillomavirus (HPV)-related cancers are a significant burden on the US health care system that can be prevented through adolescent HPV vaccination. Despite guidelines recommending...
Recent progress in the Japanese immunization program has partially closed the “vaccine gap,” i.e., the deficiencies in that program relative to immunization programs in other developed countries....
This review documents the available evidence and shows that vaccination in low- and middle-income countries brings important economic benefits. The cost-effectiveness studies reviewed suggest to...
Acute exercise at the time of vaccination can enhance subsequent immune responses. However, the potential benefit of this effect will be its efficacy in boosting poor responses, and thus protection...
In countries where hepatitis A is highly endemic, exposure to hepatitis A virus (HAV) is almost universal before the age of 10years, and large-scale immunization efforts are not required. In...
The study concludes that the bivalent vaccine seems more efficacious against non-vaccine HPV types 31, 33, and 45 than the quadrivalent vaccine, but the differences were not all significant and might...
Measles–mumps–rubella–varicella (MMRV) vaccine is associated with increased febrile seizure risk compared with measles–mumps–rubella and varicella vaccine given separately (MMR + V) in...
During a 2009–2010 mumps outbreak in a New York State village, a third dose of measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine was administered to children in three schools as a control measure....
An analysis of return on investment can help policy makers support, optimize, and advocate for the expansion of immunization programs in the world’s poorest countries. We assessed the return on...
Can lay health workers increase the uptake of childhood immunisation? Systematic review and typology
Lay health workers (LHWs) are used in many settings to increase immunisation uptake among children. However, little is known about the effectiveness of these interventions. The objective of this...
In 2010, due to a pertussis outbreak and neonatal deaths, the California Department of Health recommended that the tetanus toxoid, reduced diphtheria toxoid, and acellular pertussis vaccine (Tdap) be...
Qualitative health worker interviews and community focus groups were conducted in 4 African countries (Kenya, Mali, Ethiopia, and Cameroon). Integration was generally well accepted by both community...
Svea Closser. Vanderbilt University Press. Nashville, Tennessee, USA. 2010. 256 pp. $59.95. ISBN: 978-0-826-51708-1 (hardcover).
The detailed operational information Closser has gathered and...
Findings from household fixed effects analysis indicated that the immunization scores of girls were significantly lower than that of boys. The inequality decompositions revealed that, at the...
Implementation of additional targeted vaccinations to prevent infectious diseases in the older adults is under discussion in different countries. When considering the added value of such preventive...
Many serious infectious diseases occur early in life; efficacious vaccination of neonates has been a longstanding goal in both human and veterinary medicine. Efforts to immunize in the first weeks of...
Mice were immunized parenterally, intranasally or simultaneously by both routes with BCG or recombinant mycobacterial antigens plus appropriate adjuvants. They were challenged with Mycobacterium...
All measles-containing vaccines are associated with several types of adverse events, including seizure, fever, and immune thrombocytopenia purpura (ITP). Because the measles-mumps-rubella-varicella...
The United States Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) is a federal advisory committee that develops written recommendations for use of vaccines licensed by the Food and Drug...
The authors of this article were invited members of a workgroup sponsored by the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in the fall of 2013. They came away convinced that a more holistic perspective...