Post00330 GAVI - WHICH NEW TECHNOLOGIES? 26 March 2001
CONTENTS
1. GAVI - WHICH NEW TECHNOLOGIES
2. QUESTIONNAIRE
1. GAVI - WHICH NEW TECHNOLOGIES
"At the last GAVI Board Meeting it was proposed that the Task Force on R&D
should seek out and evaluate new technologies and research that would
improve the safety, access, effectiveness, utility, utilization or
performance of immunization in developing countries. It was proposed that
GAVI should consider supporting up to 3 such new technologies or research."
Peter Wilson, PRB Consulting, on behalf of the GAVI Board, is seeking the
views of Technet members.
Improve the future!
* Replies to Peter at: Peter Wilson
or Fax: (44)-1932-874501
Opinion, comments and suggestions please: [
[email protected]]
[email protected][/email]
or use your reply button
___________________________________________________________________________
Date: Tue, 20 Mar 2001 04:11:10 -0500
From: Peter Wilson
Subject: GAVI - Which New Technologies
To: [
[email protected]]
[email protected][/email]
Allan
We would be pleased to have responses from the Technet community,
but we would like to have them within the next couple of weeks.
Thanks for your help
Peter
___________________________________________________________________________
From: Peter Wilson,
Date: 15/03/101 21:57 PM
GAVI - Which New Technologies
Dear All
PLEASE RESPOND TO THE ATTACHED QUESTIONNAIRE BY RETURN OR AT YOUR EARLIEST
CONVENIENCE.
At the last GAVI Board Meeting it was proposed that the Task Force on R&D
should seek out and evaluate new technologies and research that would
improve the safety, access, effectiveness, utility, utilization or
performance of immunization in developing countries. It was proposed that
GAVI should consider supporting up to 3 such new technologies or research.
Attached is a questionnaire which seeks your views on technologies or
research which should be considered, and how we should evaluate these
technologies. The scope of opportunities is wide, and the questionnaire is a
first attempt to narrow the focus and establish criteria for evaluating the
options. A meeting of experts in these fields will be held in mid April to
consider the output of the questionnaire, exchange knowledge on some of the
proposed options and try to establish a preferred short list of technologies
or research for further evaluation.
The questionnaire is a key input to this decision making process. It is
vital to helping us ascertain what the wider community of immunization
specialists consider to be the priority areas to focus our attention to
achieve the goals set out above.
Please could you spend a few minutes (probably 10 minutes) to give your
views on the 4 questions - your views are extremely important to
establishing the agenda for this initiative.
Please send the completed questionnaire back to me BY RETURN, if possible,
and by the 31 March at the absolute latest:
Preferably by e-mail to: [
[email protected]]
[email protected][/email]
or fax: (44)-1932-874501
Thank you very much for your cooperation.
Peter Wilson
PRB Consulting
UK
Phone: (44)-1932-872358
___________________________________________________________________________
GAVI Task Force on Research & Development
Questionnaire on "New Technologies"
Background
At the last GAVI Board Meeting it was proposed that the Task Force on R&D
should seek out and evaluate new technologies and research that would
improve safety, access, effectiveness, utility, utilization or performance
of immunization in developing countries. It was proposed that GAVI should
consider supporting up to 3 such new technologies or research. This would be
in addition to research in the three disease areas agreed at the last Board
Meeting
This questionnaire seeks your views on technologies which could be
considered, and how we should evaluate these technologies.
The technologies and research should support the attainment of GAVI's
overall objectives, namely to:
* Improve access to sustainable immunization services
* Expand the use of all existing, safe and cost-effective vaccines where
they address a public health problem
* Accelerate the development and introduction of new vaccines and
technologies
* Accelerate R&D efforts for vaccines needed primarily in developing
countries
* Make immunization coverage a centrepiece in international development
efforts
____________________________________*______________________________________
2. QUESTIONNAIRE
The questionnaire has been reformatted to plain ASCII text.
____________________________________________________________________________
NAME:
INSTITUTION OR COMPANY:
COUNTRY:
___________________________________________________________________________
QUESTION 1:
What are the most important roles new or improved technologies or non-
disease specific research can play in meeting GAVI's objectives?
Please add your own views to the list in the table below, and then rank from
3 to 1, what you consider to be the 3 most important roles the technologies
or research should play - with 3 being the most important, and 1 the 3rd
most important role:
ROLE
Increase Access to & Coverage of immunization services
RANK [ ]
Increase Access to & Utilization of immunization services
RANK [ ]
Make immunization Safer
RANK [ ]
Make immunization Simpler, more Practical and Easier to Implement
RANK [ ]
Make immunization more Effective and Successful
RANK [ ]
Increase Immmunogenicity and Optimise the limited access available
RANK [ ]
Reduce Vaccine Wastage
RANK [ ]
Increase the Efficiency of the Immunization System/Service
RANK [ ]
Increase our Understanding of the performance & effectiveness of
immunization services
RANK [ ]
QUESTION 2:
The following criteria have been proposed for selecting the technologies
and research which will be proposed to the GAVI Board
a. Please add any additional criteria you consider important
b. Please suggest modifications to the existing criteria if you believe
they should be expressed in a different manner (cross out the existing
wording, and insert new wording under Other at the bottom of the Table)
c. Rank the Criteria as follows:
i. Mark the single most important criteria "1"
ii. Mark with an "X" the 2 criteria you consider to be the next most
important
iii. Mark with an "S" any other criteria you consider to be important in
the evaluation
iv. Leave blank any criteria which you think are not that important
CRITERIA
Potential impact upon access, safety, effectiveness, utility, utilization,
etc (with preference as indicated in question 1 and defined as in 2 (ii)
below)
RANK [ ]
Sustainability of the impact, and changing /improving the future system
High Probability of technological success in the short to medium term (5 - 7
years maximum)
RANK [ ]
Need 1 - is this an area in which little support is being provided by other
agencies?
RANK [ ]
Need 2 - are there alternative, easily adopted solutions to the problem
Programmatic Feasibility - how easy will it be to implement the program in
the field?
RANK [ ]
Cross-Cutting - degree of generic or cross-cutting applicability to all
vaccines and regions
RANK [ ]
Cost of adoption
RANK [ ]
Research conducted in Developing Countries by Local experts
RANK [ ]
Other:
RANK [ ]
2. (ii)
How should one measure the "potential impact" upon safety, effectiveness,
utility, access, etc.? Would it be that upon implementation of the new
technology or research findings there is a potential to:
[ ] * Reduce Mortality in children by x%
[ ] * Reduce Mortality in the population by x%
[ ] * Reduce Morbidity in children by x%
[ ] * Reduce Morbidity in the population by x%
[ ] * Increase Immunization coverage by y%
[ ] * Reduce cost per successful immunization by z %
[ ] * Reduce DTP dropout by x%
[ ] *
[ ] *
Please indicate with an "X" which of the above definitions is most
appropriate in evaluating which technology or research to choose, or add a
more appropriate measurement of your own.
QUESTION 3:
Below are some Generic areas of non-disease specific Research which could
potentially play an important role in meeting GAVI's objectives.
Please add any other area of Research (under Other) which you believe could
play an important role
Which 3 Areas (including those you have added) are likely to have the
greatest impact in improving safety, effectiveness, access, utilization,
utility or performance of immunization in developing countries.
Mark these 3 with an "X" in the TOP 3 column.
RESEARCH AREA TOP 3
1. Technologies to maintain safe vaccines at High & Low Temperatures
[ ] TOP 3
2. Technologies to reduce Dependency on the Cold Chain
[ ] TOP 3
3. Improved Cold Chain Technology
[ ] TOP 3
4. Technologies to prevent Contamination
[ ] TOP 3
5. Technologies to eliminate the Dangers of Non-Sterile Injections
[ ] TOP 3
6. Technologies to prevent Collateral Sharps Injury
[ ] TOP 3
7. Self-contained Unit-Dose Delivery Systems
[ ] TOP 3
8. Technologies to reduce Vaccine Wastage
[ ] TOP 3
9. Technologies to Reduce the number of Immunization Patient Interactions,
e.g. fewer number of doses required, greater immunogenicity, etc
[ ] TOP 3
10. Technologies to improve the Accessibility of Vaccines
[ ] TOP 3
11. Technologies to improve the Management & Efficiency of Immunization
Systems
[ ] TOP 3
12. Systems & technologies to Assess the Effectiveness of Immunization
Services
[ ] TOP 3
13. Operational Research on how to "reach the unreached" - how to increase
access to sustainable immunization services
Other Research Areas :
[ ] TOP 3
14.
[ ] TOP 3
15.
[ ] TOP 3
16.
[ ] TOP 3
17.
[ ] TOP 3
18.
[ ] TOP 3
19.
[ ] TOP 3
20.
[ ] TOP 3
QUESTION 4:
Listed below are some specific technologies or research areas under the
categories used above. We need to expand our knowledge of what could be done
under these categories, as well as obtain some initial views on the specific
technologies/research which should be supported:
PLEASE:
1. Add specific Technologies or Research Areas (not currently listed) you
believe could make a short list for evaluation
2. Using the criteria you have chosen in Question 2, rank your top 4
specific technical/research areas (4 being top choice, 1 being 4th choice)
which could have an impact in the next 5 years in the "Rank Shorter Term"
column.
3. In the "Rank Longer Term" column rank your top 4 specific
technical/research areas (4 being top choice, 1 being 4th choice) which
could have an impact in the longer term (beyond 5 years)
____________________________________________________________________________
Note: Rank the bulleted items, not the Category headings
Note: Some specific technologies may be listed under more than one category.
____________________________________________________________________________
TECHNOLOGY OR RESEARCH AREA
1. Technologies to maintain safe vaccines at High & Low Temperatures
* Vaccine Vial Monitors
RANK Shorter Term [ ] RANK Longer Term [ ]
* Fail-safe Refrigeration
RANK Shorter Term [ ] RANK Longer Term [ ]
* Freeze Indicators
RANK Shorter Term [ ] RANK Longer Term [ ]
* Improved Vaccine Stability
RANK Shorter Term [ ] RANK Longer Term [ ]
*
RANK Shorter Term RANK Longer Term
2. Technologies to reduce Dependency on the Cold Chain
* Vaccines Stable at Ambient Temperature
RANK Shorter Term [ ] RANK Longer Term [ ]
- Sugar Glass Formulations
RANK Shorter Term [ ] RANK Longer Term [ ]
- Trehalose
RANK Shorter Term [ ] RANK Longer Term [ ]
*
RANK Shorter Term [ ] RANK Longer Term [ ]
3. Improved Cold Chain Technology
* High Efficiency Solar Refrigerators
RANK Shorter Term [ ] RANK Longer Term [ ]
* Ice-free Cooling Systems
RANK Shorter Term [ ] RANK Longer Term [ ]
* Low/no Maintenance Systems
RANK Shorter Term [ ] RANK Longer Term [ ]
* Smaller, lighter vaccine Coolers that will maintain temperature longer
RANK Shorter Term [ ] RANK Longer Term [ ]
*
RANK Shorter Term [ ] RANK Longer Term [ ]
4. Technologies to prevent contamination
* Auto-disable reconstitution syringes
RANK Shorter Term [ ] RANK Longer Term [ ]
* Monodose
RANK Shorter Term [ ] RANK Longer Term [ ]
* Auto-reconstitution
RANK Shorter Term [ ] RANK Longer Term [ ]
* Safe multi-dose jet injector
RANK Shorter Term [ ] RANK Longer Term [ ]
*
RANK Shorter Term [ ] RANK Longer Term [ ]
5. Technologies to eliminate the dangers of non-sterile injections
* Needle-free parenteral inoculation devices
RANK Shorter Term [ ] RANK Longer Term [ ]
* Auto-disable syringes
RANK Shorter Term [ ] RANK Longer Term [ ]
* Uniject-type devices
RANK Shorter Term [ ] RANK Longer Term [ ]
* Non-parenteral vaccination
Administration of vaccines via mucosal surfaces
RANK Shorter Term [ ] RANK Longer Term [ ]
- Transcutaneous administration of vaccines
RANK Shorter Term [ ] RANK Longer Term [ ]
- Edible vaccines
RANK Shorter Term [ ] RANK Longer Term [ ]
*
RANK Shorter Term [ ] RANK Longer Term [ ]
6. Technologies to prevent Collateral Sharps In jury
* Point of use needle containers
RANK Shorter Term [ ] RANK Longer Term [ ]
* Low capacity waste destruction systems
RANK Shorter Term [ ] RANK Longer Term [ ]
* Anti-stick devices
RANK Shorter Term [ ] RANK Longer Term [ ]
* Waste collection infrastructure
RANK Shorter Term [ ] RANK Longer Term [ ]
*
RANK Shorter Term [ ] RANK Longer Term [ ]
7. Self-contained Unit-Dose Delivery Systems
* Pre-filled Injection devices
RANK Shorter Term [ ] RANK Longer Term [ ]
* Oral Vaccines
RANK Shorter Term [ ] RANK Longer Term [ ]
* Transcutaneous Patches
RANK Shorter Term [ ] RANK Longer Term [ ]
*
RANK Shorter Term [ ] RANK Longer Term [ ]
8. Technologies to reduce Vaccine Wastage
* Monodose Vaccines
RANK Shorter Term [ ] RANK Longer Term [ ]
* Vaccine Vial Monitors
RANK Shorter Term [ ] RANK Longer Term [ ]
* Auto-reconstitution
RANK Shorter Term [ ] RANK Longer Term [ ]
*
RANK Shorter Term [ ] RANK Longer Term [ ]
9. Technologies to Reduce the number of Immunization Patient Interactions
* Adjuvants to increase the immunogenicity of existing & new vaccines
RANK Shorter Term [ ] RANK Longer Term [ ]
* Improved (more immunogenic) vaccines that require only 1 or 2 doses
RANK Shorter Term [ ] RANK Longer Term [ ]
* Modified immunization regimens (e.g. spacing of doses) to achieve
comparable immunogenicity with fewer doses
RANK Shorter Term [ ] RANK Longer Term [ ]
* Antigen delivery systems to stimulate protective immune responses with
fewer doses
RANK Shorter Term [ ] RANK Longer Term [ ]
- Non-living systems (e.g. proteosomes, liposomes, cochleates)
RANK Shorter Term [ ] RANK Longer Term [ ]
- Live bacterial vectors
RANK Shorter Term [ ] RANK Longer Term [ ]
- Live viral vectors
RANK Shorter Term [ ] RANK Longer Term [ ]
- Edible (transgenic plant) vaccines
RANK Shorter Term [ ] RANK Longer Term [ ]
* Multi-Valent Vaccines
RANK Shorter Term [ ] RANK Longer Term [ ]
* Multi-Vaccine Administration
RANK Shorter Term [ ] RANK Longer Term [ ]
*
RANK Shorter Term [ ] RANK Longer Term [ ]
10. Technologies to improve the Accessibility of accines
* Adapted low maintenance vehicles - motorcycles, boats, all terrain
vehicles, etc
RANK Shorter Term [ ] RANK Longer Term [ ]
* Bundling of indispensable commodities
RANK Shorter Term [ ] RANK Longer Term [ ]
*
RANK Shorter Term [ ] RANK Longer Term [ ]
11. Technologies to improve the Management & Efficiency of Immunization
Systems
* Logistics Management Information Systems
RANK Shorter Term [ ] RANK Longer Term [ ]
- Communications Technologies
RANK Shorter Term [ ] RANK Longer Term [ ]
- Freight Tracking Technologies
RANK Shorter Term [ ] RANK Longer Term [ ]
* Tracking of Infants
RANK Shorter Term [ ] RANK Longer Term [ ]
* Immunization Registries
RANK Shorter Term [ ] RANK Longer Term [ ]
* Disease Surveillance systems
RANK Shorter Term [ ] RANK Longer Term [ ]
* IT and Systems Infrastructures
RANK Shorter Term [ ] RANK Longer Term [ ]
* A Process of local active Monitoring of immunization Performance
RANK Shorter Term [ ] RANK Longer Term [ ]
*
RANK Shorter Term [ ] RANK Longer Term [ ]
12. Systems & technologies to Assess the Effectiveness of Immunization
Services
* Improved methods of performing surveys to estimate immunization coverage
RANK Shorter Term [ ] RANK Longer Term [ ]
* Simplified methods of performing serosurveys to document the prevalence of
immunoprotection
RANK Shorter Term [ ] RANK Longer Term [ ]
- Utilizing finger stick blood
RANK Shorter Term [ ] RANK Longer Term [ ]
- Utilizing crevicular fluid (serum transudate collected at the gum line)
RANK Shorter Term [ ] RANK Longer Term [ ]
- Utilizing "oral fluid" (saliva/crevicular fluid admixture)
RANK Shorter Term [ ] RANK Longer Term [ ]
* Simplified methods for specific surveillance of some sentinel diseases
RANK Shorter Term [ ] RANK Longer Term [ ]
- Measles
RANK Shorter Term [ ] RANK Longer Term [ ]
- Whooping cough
RANK Shorter Term [ ] RANK Longer Term [ ]
- Other
RANK Shorter Term [ ] RANK Longer Term [ ]
13. Operational Research on how to "reach the unreached"
* How to better deploy and utilize fixed facility immunization services
RANK Shorter Term [ ] RANK Longer Term [ ]
* How to staff, mobilize and design mobile immunization units suitable for
different local conditions
RANK Shorter Term [ ] RANK Longer Term [ ]
* Best practice in promotion, education and implementation of immunization
services
RANK Shorter Term [ ] RANK Longer Term [ ]
* Assessment of Impact of Immunization Programmes
RANK Shorter Term [ ] RANK Longer Term [ ]
*
RANK Shorter Term [ ] RANK Longer Term [ ]
Other
RANK Shorter Term [ ] RANK Longer Term [ ]
*
RANK Shorter Term [ ] RANK Longer Term [ ]
*
RANK Shorter Term [ ] RANK Longer Term [ ]
___________________________________________________________________________
Please return the completed questionnaire by 31st March at the absolute
latest to:
Peter Wilson
e-mail : [
[email protected]]
[email protected][/email]
or Fax: (44)-1932-874501