Dear all I encountered operational challege were during SIA, specifically OBR using mOPV2 antigen. I observed that the fixed post team were given only bOPV which is the right antigen for routine while ignoring the purpose of the campaign (mOPV2 not given). They were intructed to give both mOPV2 and bOPV concurrently in other to ensure children received RI and SIA doses. When we reffered to the stakeholders it was revealed that guideline stipulated that, child should receive only mOPV2 and resheduled for bOPV next contact. i have little imformation that needs clarification from immunzation experts and/or refference materials for capacity building in support of the guideline. 1. What is the possible consequence of given mOPV2 and bOPV at same time? any scientific justification. 2. Weighing the risk of missed oppurtunities and combining both antigens at same, which one should i prioritised? Thanks alot waiting for your input.

Hello everyone!
This is my very first post here. I am a 3rd year Student of Medicine(M.B.B.S) studying at KVG Medical College & Hospital, Sullia, India.
Attched is a PDF file which is the original document...Please go through that as it has pictures. Whatever text that follows this is a copy from the PDF file.

Thanks for your time and have a great day!

Cheers!




I feel elated to have been given an awe-inspiring opportunity to be a part of a vaccination outreach programme for which I shall be ever grateful to our PSM professor Dr.V.Narayana Holla, M.D who leaves no stone unturned in inspiring us and walks that extra mile to encourage us to evolve into better doctors. If not for him, none of this would have been possible.
It all started on the morning of 7th September during our PSM department posting hours, when Dr.Holla told us about the vaccination programme and emphasised on the importance of practical knowledge in the field of medicine. Motivated by his thought-provoking words, I was filled with enthusiasm to be a part of this trip. Upon approaching him, he was more than happy to see us eagerly coming forward for it and thus began the preparation for our amazing trip.
Thrilled by this exhilarating opportunity, I brushed up on the NIS and read up on the methods of administering the different kinds of vaccines and all the necessary details and equipped myself with the much needed knowledge on vaccinating a child as per the NIS.
The next morning, I was all geared up to go, my eyes gleamed with anticipation and I was excited to experience something new. Little did Iknow what was in store for me. On an honest note, a part of me died a little seeing the vehicle in which I was to travel. But nothing could waver my excitement, not even the thought of an edgy journey. I remained undeterred by the rugged roads, still charged. And my agony paid off when I reached my destination after a long tiresome travel.
The first place I went to was an Anganwadi Centre (in Koojimale estate) that filled me with awe, looking at the cheerful kids of 2-5 years of age. The Anganwadi Centre was located amidst the green, lush hilly area of Koojimale. Also present there were mothers waiting to get their infants vaccinated. This being a remote area and the outreach being held only once every month, there was a considerably large crowd that neededvaccinations. That moment of excitement, the noble feeling of being a doctor that crept in when I looked at the kids and their mothers, is something my words fail to explain. At the Anganwadi Centre, the Anganwadi worker, helper and the Teacher were present.
Under the guidance of a proficient ANM and Dr.Sharanya, I learnt the skill of administering vaccines (I.M, Subcut, I.D, and Oral). At the Anganwadi, we administered 10 vaccines to a total of 6 children. Vaccinations given here were – bOPV + Pentavalent1 – 1 Child, bOPV + Pentavalent2 – 2 Children, , Measles1 – 2 Children, DPT 1st booster + bOPV + Measles2 – 1 Child, 1 lakh units Vit.A + Measles1 – 2 children, and 2 lakh units of Vit. A+ Measles2 – 1 Child. After administering these vaccines, every child was given a routine general examination.
After vaccinating everyone at the Anganwadi, we left for the second destination – Kadamakallu Anganwadi Centre. Here we visited the Government School and found that there was just one 10 year old child to be vaccinated (TT10). Here, I vaccinated the child. As we were about to leave, an infant was brought who needed the bOPV + Pentavalent3 + IPV. This child was vaccinated by the ANM as well as Niranjan Murthy.
I took great pride in administering the vaccine (an injection) for the very first time. The feeling was inexplicable. I look forward to being a part ofsuch programmes in the months to come. It was not just an amazing experience but also an opportunity to learn a lot of new things and most importantly I got a peek into the life of a doctor and now I think I know what it feels like to be one. My heartfelt thanks to Dr.Holla for his persistent encouragement and I also extend my gratitude to the college for its support (I hope they add such trips to the curriculum!)
Lanson Brijesh Colaco
7th Term, Phase 3, MBBS
KVG Medical College & Hospital, Sullia.


http://www.technet-21.org/en/resources/technet-resource-library/

From 17 April to 1 May, the globally synchronised switch from trivalent oral polio vaccine (tOPV) to bivalent oral polio vaccine (bOPV) is taking place in 155 countries and territories. This will be followed by an intensive monitoring and validation phase through to 18 May.
To follow progress as countries stop use of tOPV and complete their national validation reporting requirements, a live web site has been launched to share real time updates and related stories. The site features interactive maps updated daily, tracking the status per country, and is linked to the polio endgame objective 2 website with more details on the overall Polio Eradication Strategic Plan.
At the time of writing, implementation of the switch and subsequent monitoring activities were progressing smoothly in countries that had already stopped use of tOPV.
Removal of the type 2 component from OPV marks a major historic milestone; it is testimony to the progress being made towards a polio-free world and to the commitment of all countries that this dream may one day become reality.

Dear viewers Context: India in collaboration with development partners like WHO/UNICEF/USAID/MCHIP etc has made remarkable advances in the last ten years: introduction of Measles 2nd dose, HepB vaccine including Birth dose vaccine, JE 2 doses, Pentavalent vaccine, year 2012-13 declared as year of Intensified Routine Immunization, India with SEARO declared as Polio Free, launching of Mission Indradhanush – the flagship programme of India. Karnataka Piloted Immunogram in a difficult district in 2013. India is now entering in to a new era of introducing Injectable Inactivated Polio Vaccine under routine Immunization from 1st April 2016 as part of Global Endgame Strategic Plan. India Expert Advisory Group, based on evidences recommends 2 fractional doses of 0.1ml intradermally at 6 and 14 weeks in selected States including Karnataka. Injectable vaccine has VVM on the label and MDVP / OVP is made applicable to minimize wastage, to be operated at all levels. Background: Globally immunization programme is rapidly expanding in covering more beneficiaries from newborn to the old through children, teenagers and pregnant; administering the doses close to the recommended schedule for timely attaining adequate immunity – jointly closing population immunity gap – an aspiration of WORLD; including more and more vaccines in the National Immunization Schedule on the basis of country specific epidemiology of Vaccine Preventable Diseases (VPDs), periodically reviewed and revised / upgraded by the Expert Advisory Group / Committees of the countries, World is convinced about the advantages of vaccination in preventing morbidity and mortality form VPDs like neonatal / puerperal tetanus, crippling polio & post encephalitic residual paralysis of JE, Diphtheria, Whooping cough, measles, childhood tuberculosis, pneumonias, diarrhoea, Varicella, herpes zoster, Ca cervix, HCC, rabies etc. World has witnessed Smallpox eradication, Polio at the verge of eradication, measles under elimination – others declining and under control. But: Expenditure of vaccination is increasing & Vaccine wastage is rising. Hence: Countries all over the world expressed the concern to avoid “preventable wastage without compromising efficacy and safety” [WHO – MDVP 2014]. We wish to share the experiences of practically operationalizing MDVP / OVP guidelines in the attached planning unit - RHTC Sampaje in view of introduction of IPV in the country and the one page jobaid which we made in regional Kannada launguage, the same is now edited with new circular guideline, translated to english as suggetsed by consultants form ITSU also. This may please be edited / corrected further by the viewers. Regards Narayana Holla

The Strategic Advisory Group of Experts on immunization (SAGE) convened by WHO on 20 October 2015 has confirmed that the globally coordinated withdrawal of the type 2 component in the oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) will take place in April 2016. SAGE’s landmark decision follows the endorsement by the World Health Assembly (WHA) in May 2015, when Ministers of Health from 194 member states adopted a resolution on the global effort to eradicate polio, as part of the Polio Endgame Strategy. In a milestone towards the switch, wild poliovirus (WPV) type 2 was recently declared as eradicated worldwide. WPV type 3 has not been detected globally since November 2012, and the only remaining endemic WPV type 1 strains are now restricted to Pakistan and Afghanistan. The globally synchronized switch is therefore of great significance for the polio eradication programme with tremendous public health benefits. Countries have already demonstrated an exceptional level of commitment to meeting the timelines of the Polio Endgame. In the lead-up to April 2016, countries should begin to intensify their preparations to be ready to switch nationwide from trivalent oral polio vaccine (tOPV) to bivalent OPV (bOPV) on any one day in the window from 17 April to 1 May 2016. It is also critical that countries meet established deadlines to protect populations by moving the world towards destruction of WPV2 type 2 stocks or their appropriate containment in designated ‘poliovirus essential’ facilities. The requirements for containment are detailed in the Global Action Plan III and steps for countries are summarized here. For more information on the OPV switch and reference materials to guide switch implementation, communications, training, and monitoring, please consult the OPV switch section on the Polio Endgame objective 2 website. In addition, the summary report from the SAGE meeting that confirmed the switch date is available here, and a statement from the Global Polio Eradication Initiative can be found here. Any questions on the switch can be directed to Alejandro Ramirez Gonzalez (ramirezgonzaleza@who.int) or Lisa Menning (menningl@who.int).

WHO recommends 2 temperature ranges for keeping all vaccines at health facilities (+2C +8C) and (-15C -25C) for OPV above district level. The rationale for using first range is explained in “Thermostability of vaccines”. What is the reason for use of second range (-15C -25C) for OPV and some freeze-dried vaccines? Could (-5C -15C) or (-10C -20C) or other T range work instead?