This manual is intended to: Provide policy guidelines, Set standards on immunisation practices, Address practical issues that the vaccinator normally faces. The manual includes changes made to policies relating to the EPI program. These are: The addition of inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) while maintaining the birth and 6 week doses of OPV; The introduction of rotavirus vaccine at 6 and 14 weeks; The introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine at 6 weeks, 14 weeks and 9 months; The introduction of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine at 9 years for Grade 4 girls; The switchover from the pentavalent, DTaP-IPV//Hib vaccine (pentaxim) to the hexavalent, DTaP-IPV-HB-Hib vaccine (hexaxim) which contains the acellular form of pertussis, hepatitis B and inactivated polio vaccine in addition to the diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis combination. One additional module on new vaccines has been incorporated to include more information on the new vaccines.