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JSI, VillageReach (VR) and CHAI collaborated across several countries and
supply chains to explore the challenges of dissemination, interpretation and
use of global technical goods.
This implementation guidance summarizes and builds on current global recommendations and programmatic considerations for establishing and/or strengthening platforms for the vaccination of health...
This interim guidance for vaccination to help stop the monkeypox outbreak is provided to support the global response to an evolving situation. For information on different vaccines that may be...
In 2020, Ghana's switched from ROTARIX to ROTAVAC in its routine immunization program in order to save money and cold chain space. An economic analysis of this switch, conducted by PATH, the...
Conformément à son mandat, qui prévoit qu’elle conseille les États Membres en matière de politique sanitaire, l’OMS publie une série de notes de synthèse régulièrement mises à jour sur...
La vaccination antirotavirus en Palestine a considérablement fait diminuer la charge de morbidité que représente la diarrhée chez les enfants, et ses bénéfices ont été renforcés par un...
Strategic intent for Preferred Policy Profiles and proposed test cases
To set out an overarching global vision and strategy for vaccines and immunization for the decade 2021–2030.
Preventable disease, emerging infectious disease, extreme weather-related disasters due to urbanization and environmental degradation, and complications of pregnancy and childbirth still claim far...
The BID Learning Network invites you to view a webinar presentation on The Immunization Data: Evidence for Action (IDEA) Review. IDEA is a global synthesis of existing evidence aimed at increasing...
The BID Learning Network invites you to view a webinar presentation on The Data Use Partnership. The use of reliable information from a well-designed health information system is critical for:...
Just as medical doctors take the Hippocratic Oath as they graduate into their profession, so do many engineers solemnly promise to carry out work to the highest quality, recognizing that any errors...
Sustainability has been a core principle of the BID Initiative from its earliest days. Planning for sustainability focuses on four key areas: policy, institutional factors, technical issues, and...
The Community Preventive Services Task Force (CPSTF) recommends standing orders for vaccinations—when used alone or when combined with additional interventions—to increase vaccination rates among...
The sample job aid is adapted from Timor Leste (IMMUNIZATIONbasics, 2007) and
is based on a child immunization schedule that calls for BCG and hepatitis B at birth; Pentavalent, oral polio vaccine...
Ending Cholera—A Global Roadmap to 2030 operationalises the new global strategy for cholera control at the country level and provides a concrete path toward a world in which cholera is no longer a...
WHO’s Vision and Mission in Immunization and Vaccines 2015-2030 describes WHO’s strategic focus and key roles in achieving the goals of the Global Vaccine Action Plan 2011-2020, across all areas...
You will find here 3 documents: 1- WHO/UNICEF Joint Communique – Replacement of TT with Td vaccine for dual protection
2- WHO/UNICEF GUIDANCE NOTE Ensuring Sustained Protection Against...
The Strategic Advisory Group of Experts (SAGE) on Immunization was established by the Director-General of the World Health Organization in 1999 to provide guidance on the work of WHO. SAGE is the...
This information bulletin addresses the implications and required guidance associated with the upcoming scheduled shift in vaccine vial monitor (VVM) of the GlaxoSmithKline Biologicals SA (GSK)...
This guidance note for National Immunization Programmes aims to:
Present considerations regarding the involvement of nongovernmental (private) providers in vaccine delivery (including...
Improving evidence informed decision-making in immunisation is a global health priority and many low and middle-income countries have established National Immunisation Technical Advisory Groups...
To empower governments to formulate rational policies without pressure from any group, and to increasethe use of evidence-based decision-making to adapt global recommendations on immunization to...
The HPV Vaccine Introduction Clearing House is a unique space to find WHO publications, tools and other important resources on the human papillomavirus vaccine.
The purpose is to help guide HPV...
WHO and UNICEF strongly recommend the systematic and exclusive use of auto-disable (AD) syringes for the delivery of vaccines and reuse prevention syringes (RUP) for the reconstitution of vaccines...
Measles, a vaccine-preventable illness, is one of the most infectious diseases known to man. In 2015, an estimated 134,200 measles deaths occurred globally. Rubella, also vaccine-preventable, is a...
Background: Vaccination rates have remained steady for a number of years in Australia, however geographical areas of lower vaccine coverage remains a day-to-day challenge. The study explores parental...
With social policies increasingly directed toward enhancing equity through health programs, it is important that methods for estimating the health and economic benefits of these programs by...
Rates of vaccine-preventable diseases have increased in the United States in recent years, largely due to parental refusals of recommended childhood immunizations. Empirical studies have demonstrated...
This review focuses on existing immunization policies and practices for migrants and refugees and provides an overview of barriers and facilitators for access to and utilization of immunization...
Following the 2010 earthquake, Haiti was at heightened risk for vaccine-preventable diseases (VPDs) outbreaks due to the exacerbation of long-standing gaps in the vaccination program and subsequent...
Aid to health has been instrumental in improving health outcomes in many places; however, all of these gains could be undone by a mismanaged donor transition. If donors transition too early, or en...
There is an enhanced focus on considering the full public health value (FPHV) of vaccination when setting priorities, making regulatory decisions and establishing implementation policy for public...
There is growing controversy about vaccination rates in Canada. A significant percentage of the population is uncertain about the science of vaccines, and in some areas ‘herd immunity\' is being...
The Sabin Vaccine Institute, in collaboration with international partners and the Government of Georgia, organized a Workshop on Immunization Legislation that gathered the three European countries of...
The recent inauguration of President Trump carries with it many public health policy implications. During the election, President Trump, like all political candidates, made policy commitments to...
In 2013, the Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences (CIOMS) created a Working Group on Vaccine Safety (WG) to address unmet needs in the area of vaccine pharmacovigilance....
Background: Equity remains a priority in the international health development agenda. However, major inequities in vaccination coverage jeopardise the achievement of the Sustainable Development...
The current WHO position on the use of yellow fever (YF) vaccine is set out in the 2013 WHO position paper on vaccines and vaccination against YF and those recommendations are unchanged....
Case-control studies are commonly used to evaluate effectiveness of licensed vaccines after deployment in public health programs. Such studies can provide policy-relevant data on vaccine performance...
Introduction: The vaccine vial monitor (VVM) registers cumulative heat exposure on vaccines over time. As low- and lower-middle-income countries transition beyond support from the Global Alliance for...
As immunization programs around the world undergo rapid change and expansion, supply chain and logistics systems have become strained, making it increasingly challenging for national public health...
This article aims to understand why the last few areas where polio remains are affected by armed conflicts involving militant organizations that use Islam to legitimize their activities. The first...
5.9 million children under 5 died in 2015, the majority from vaccine preventable diseases. Decades of effort & investment from donor countries have driven significant progress but, in the final year...
Objectives: To determine the lifetime social value of using the guideline-recommended vaccines for children born in the United States in 2009.
Study Design: This study utilized an economic model...
Developed jointly by UNICEF and WHO, this brief \"MDVP\" mini-course provides all partners and staff working to support immunization with a better understanding of the 2014 revision of the Multi-Dose...
Vaccines have the potential to transform the health of all individuals and to reduce the health inequality between rich and poor countries. However, to achieve these goals, it is no longer sufficient...
Each year, UNICEF’s flagship publication, The State of the World\'s Children, closely examines a key issue affecting children. The report includes supporting data and statistics and is available in...
The public health benefits of vaccination are clear. The World Health Organization estimates that, in 2008, more than 2.5 million deaths were prevented by vaccination.1 Immunization programmes have...
Although India is a leading producer and exporter of vaccines,
the country is home to one-third of the world’s unimmunized children.
Fewer than 44 percent of India’s young children receive the...
Immunization policymakers at global and local levels need to establish priorities among new vaccines competing for limited resources. However, comparison of the potential impact of single vaccination...
Australia implemented conjugate meningococcal C immunization in
2003 with a single scheduled dose at age 12 months and catch-up for
individuals aged 2–19 years. Several countries have recently...
The Developing Countries Vaccine Manufacturers Network (DCVMN) assembled high-profile leaders from global health organisations and vaccine manufactures for its 16th Annual General Meeting to work...
Guiding Principles: (1) Governments should see themselves as stewards of supply chains, providing vision, guidance, and oversight, not necessarily as operators of supply chains. (2) Governments...
Funded immunization programs are best able to achieve high participation rates, optimal protection of the target population, and indirect protection of others. However, in many countries public...
This document provides a general overview of the work carried out by the Quality, Safety and Standards Team of the WHO Department of Immunization, Vaccines and Biologicals. It briefly outlines the...
India has over a century old tradition of development and production of vaccines. The Government rightly adopted self-sufficiency in vaccine production and self-reliance in vaccine technology as its...
A goal of the Global Vaccine Action Plan, led by the World Health Organization, is country ownership by 2020, defined here as the point when a country fully finances its routine immunization program...
In 2004 an Institute of Medicine report warned of vaccine shortages, raising concerns about disease outbreaks. More than a decade later, we looked for progress in reducing vaccine shortages. We...
With vaccination efforts forced to compete for scarce resources at a time when national health budgets, global health resources, and the global donor community are facing considerable strains,...
Inevitably, an outbreak of a vaccine-preventable disease in the UK triggers calls for compulsory vaccination. As of April 17, 2013, 808 cases of measles have been reported in the Swansea area, about...
A National Immunization Technical Advisory Group (NITAG) is an expert advisory committee that provides evidence-based recommendations to the Ministry of Health (MoH) to guide immunization programs...
The Japanese Ministry of Health, Labour, and Welfare (MHLW) partially suspended the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination programme in June, 2013. Although HPV vaccination has just been included in...
The Universal Immunisation Programme was integrated with the Reproductive and Child Health Programme to improve childhood immunisation in India. However, there is a lack of empirical research on...
In recent years the number of pregnant women susceptible to rubella has increased markedly. In the West Midlands the proportion has risen from 1·4% in 2004 to 6·9% in 2011. Locally, the proportion...
Global poliomyelitis eradication is almost within reach—this disease persists only in Nigeria, Afghanistan, and Pakistan, which are countries with substantial Muslim populations.1 Today this...
The individual, societal, and economic benefits of disease prevention resulting from childhood and adult immunization programs in the United States are without question. A report from the Centers for...
Zika virus is a mosquito-borne flavivirus primarily transmitted by Aedes aegypti mosquitoes (1,2). Infection with Zika virus is asymptomatic in an estimated 80% of cases (2,3), and when Zika virus...
The demand for vaccination against infectious diseases involves a choice between vaccinating and not vaccinating, in which there is a trade-off between the benefits and costs of each option. The aim...
Despite good safety records, vaccines given to young children can cause adverse events. We investigated the reported adverse events following immunization (AEFI) of vaccines given to children of less...
Hospital-based active surveillance can enhance signal detection and follow-up investigations of AEFI. Subsequently, public health bodies are better equipped to maintain public confidence in...
Recent progress in the Japanese immunization program has partially closed the “vaccine gap,” i.e., the deficiencies in that program relative to immunization programs in other developed countries....
Whooping cough, due to Bordetella pertussis and Bordetella parapertussis, is an important cause of childhood morbidity and mortality. Despite widespread pertussis immunization in childhood, there are...
Vaccine costs in the developing world have grown from < US$1/child in 2001 to about $21 for boys and $35 for girls in 2014, as more and costlier vaccines are being introduced into national...
In what settings is pertussis vaccination in pregnancy most relevant? In low-income and middle-income countries, substantial price advantages of whole-cell vaccines, concerns about infant immune...
In October, 2012, a pertussis vaccination programme for pregnant women was introduced in response to an outbreak across England. The researchers aimed to assess the vaccine effectiveness and the...
In 2010, due to a pertussis outbreak and neonatal deaths, the California Department of Health recommended that the tetanus toxoid, reduced diphtheria toxoid, and acellular pertussis vaccine (Tdap) be...
The document Waste Stream Concept Development is Part B of the Healthcare Waste Management Toolkit for GF Policy Makers and Practitioners. The other two documents are: Part A: Rational for...
This document is the first part of a toolkit for environmental safeguarding of GF grants. The toolkit is intended to help to reduce risks from the generation and disposal of HCW, especially the...
Gokwe South, a rural district in Midlands Province, Zimbabwe, reported the lowest rate of immunisation coverage in the country in 2005: 55 per cent of children vaccinated with three doses of...
The United States Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) is a federal advisory committee that develops written recommendations for use of vaccines licensed by the Food and Drug...
Regulatory considerations in the clinical development of vaccines indicated for use during pregnancy
Despite supportive public health policies (e.g., ACIP recommendations), the potential for providing clinical benefit through maternal immunization has yet to be fully realized. For vaccines already...
Health policy makers often have to face decisions on whether and how to incorporate new vaccines into immunisation plans. This study aims to review and catalogue the relevant current frameworks and...
The Global Vaccine Action Plan (GVAP) sets ambitious but achievable goals, to save thousands of lives through vaccination in this Decade of Vaccines to 2020.
The Decade of Vaccines is not on...
While scientific studies can show the need for vaccine policy or operations changes, translating scientific findings to action is a complex process that needs to be executed appropriately for change...
To provide updates for the 2015 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention sexually transmitted diseases treatment guidelines on human papillomavirus (HPV) and anogenital warts (AGWs), a review of...
From 2011 to 2013, immunization proponents won significant legislative victories that tightened philosophical exemptions in Washington, Oregon, and California. Highlighting data on the high rates of...
This paper—designed for use by US executive branch officials, members of Congress, advocates, and other stakeholders— presents an analysis of the USG’s role in global immunization and offers...
The study concludes that immunisation policies regarding BCG vaccine exist in the majority of European countries. Indications for BCG immunisation varied considerably, likely reflecting national TB...
The outbreak of cholera in Zimbabwe intensified interest in the control and prevention of cholera. While there is agreement that safe water, sanitation, and personal hygiene are ideal for the long...
Triangulation of results from two methods captured a richer story behind vaccine adoption decisions for hepatitis A. The discrepancy between policymakers’ beliefs and existing data suggest a...
The Pan American Health Organization\'s ProVac Initiative, designed to strengthen national decision making regarding the introduction of new vaccines, was initiated in 2004. Central to realizing...
Given the ethical aspects of vaccination policies and current threats to public trust in vaccination, it is important that governments follow clear criteria for including new vaccines in a national...
The document provides information for
Ministries of Health and hospital sentinel sites on why and how to
determine the denominator of at-risk children <5 years of age
and rate of meningitis...
This document is intended for use by national immunization programme
managers and immunization partners involved in operational support.
General guidance about planning the introduction of a...
A vaccine diluent is the liquid mixed with a lyophilized (freeze-dried) vaccine in order to reconstitute
the lyophilized vaccine and provide the final vaccine for administration. A vaccine diluent...
This article presents the World Health Organization\'s (WHO) recommendations for the use of vaccines against diseases caused by human papillomaviruses (HPV) from the WHO position paper on Human...
The vaccinology landscape has changed, with national authorities now being increasingly accountable to new stakeholders such as health insurers, regional regulatory bodies, the media, and civil...
Population immunity depends on the dynamic levels of immunization coverage that countries achieve over time and any transmission of viruses that occur within the population that induce immunity. In...