23 results
AOV with R&D support from PATH addressed the
problem of vaccine freezing by incorporating an inner
vaccine box made of engineered phase change material
(EPCM) into vaccine carrier. When used...
This analysis describes an innovative and successful approach to risk identification and mitigation in relation to the switch from trivalent to bivalent oral polio vaccine (OPV) in the 11 countries...
Improving water and sanitation is the preferred choice for cholera control in the long-term. Nevertheless, vaccination is an available too l that has been shown to be a cost‒effective option for...
This document outlines a plan to develop and roll out an injection safety implementation project in India.
Strong progress continues to be made since the Health Assembly called for the worldwide eradication of poliomyelitis in 1988.1 At the time, poliomyelitis was endemic in more than 125 countries around...
India provided one of the most challenging chapters of the worldwide smallpox eradication program. The campaign was converted from a project in which a handful of officials tried to impose their...
The global incidence of JE is unknown because the intensity and quality of JE surveillance and the availability of diagnostic laboratory testing vary throughout the world. Countries that have...
The term vaccine hesitancy refers to delay in acceptance or refusal of vaccines despite the availability of vaccination services. Different factors influence vaccine hesitancy and these are...
Introduction: Origins and Definitions
International cooperation for purposes of infectious and tropical disease control goes back to at least the 14th century, when early concepts of quarantine...
The Universal Immunisation Programme was integrated with the Reproductive and Child Health Programme to improve childhood immunisation in India. However, there is a lack of empirical research on...
Disease eradication is an attractive public health goal. In addition to eliminating illnesses and deaths, eradication can lead to substantial cost savings. Eradication has been attempted for many...
Measles supplementary immunization activities (SIAs) offer children in countries with weaker immunization delivery systems like India a second opportunity for measles vaccination. They could also...
The continued presence of polio in northern India poses challenges to the interruption of wild poliovirus transmission and the management of poliovirus risks in the post-eradication era. We aimed to...
The Global Vaccine Action Plan (GVAP) sets ambitious but achievable goals, to save thousands of lives through vaccination in this Decade of Vaccines to 2020.
The Decade of Vaccines is not on...
The Expanded Program on Immunization was established by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 1974 to ensure universal access to routinely recommended childhood vaccines. Six vaccine-preventable...
WHO and partners hope that they can finally rid the world of polio. But insurgency, Taliban-initiated boycotts, and a US$1 billion funding deficit will not make it an easy task. Dara Mohammadi...
Polio eradication needs a new routine immunisation schedule—three or four doses of bivalent type 1 and type 3 oral poliovirus vaccine (bOPV) and one dose of inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV),...
The outbreak of cholera in Zimbabwe intensified interest in the control and prevention of cholera. While there is agreement that safe water, sanitation, and personal hygiene are ideal for the long...
In 1974, WHO established the Expanded Programme on Immunization to ensure
that all children have access to routinely recommended vaccines. Since then, global coverage with the 4 core vaccines –...
Rabies is a virtually 100% fatal acute viral encephalitis. Rabies occurs in more than 150 countries and territories. Globally there are 17.4 million animal bite cases and more than 55,000 deaths...
The Shantha case study underscores the important role the private sector can play in global health and access to medicines. Home-grown companies in the developing world are becoming a source of...
Over the past several years, the development of new vaccines, along with global efforts to make them more available and affordable, has resulted in the introduction of lifesaving vaccines in...
This article argues that a detailed examination of factors contributing to the development of complex structures and strategies for smallpox eradication in South Asia in the 1970s can provide...