Report

Activities that Sustain HPV Vaccination Programs after Introduction: A Synthesis Across Five Countries in Sub-Saharan Africa

HAPPI

This brief examines the operational context for sustaining HPV vaccination programs in Ethiopia, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, and Tanzania, all of which have had programs for at least three years. While many HPV vaccination activities are integrated into routine immunization systems, specific efforts are crucial for success, such as promoting vaccine acceptance, engaging various stakeholders, and utilizing schools and community health workers. To ensure long-term sustainability, the findings recommend targeted annual efforts in maintaining a supportive policy environment, cross-sectoral coordination, ongoing communication, refresher training, and providing multiple vaccination opportunities. 

Authors

Languages

  • English

Publication year

2025

Type

Report

Categories

Diseases

Countries

Organisations

WHO Regions

HPV-INTRO-EVIDENCE

The resource is included in the following table:

TitleAuthorYearTypeLanguage
A call for the introduction of gender-neutral HPV vaccination to national immunisation programmes in AfricaOnyema Greg Chid-Amajuoyi, Joel Fokom Domgue, Chisom Obi-Jeff, Kathleen Schmeler, Sanjay Shete2018Journal articleEnglish
Activities that Sustain HPV Vaccination Programs after Introduction: A Synthesis Across Five Countries in Sub-Saharan AfricaHAPPI2025ReportEnglish
Changes in HPV Vaccination Coverage, Implementation, and Sustainability Following the Switch to a Single-Dose Schedule: A Mixed-Methods AnalysisIVAC2026ReportEnglish
Considerations for Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccine Product Choice: Second EditionWorld Health Organization (WHO)2024GuidanceEnglish
Evidence of reduction in HPV infection and CIN2+ after vaccine introduction in ScotlandR. L. Cameron, Kevin G. Pollock2017Journal articleEnglish
Evidence to inform decision-making on single-dose HPV vaccination policy (English)PATH2024ReportEnglish, Arabic, Chinese, French, Portuguese, Spanish
Gender neutral HPV vaccination programs: Reconsidering policies to expand cancer prevention globallyJ Andrew Dykens, Caryn E. Peterson, Hunter K Holt, Diane M Harper2023Journal articleEnglish
HPV Evidence Brief: CommunicationsHAPPI2025ReportEnglish
HPV Evidence Brief: Effective DeliveryHAPPI2025ReportEnglish
HPV Evidence Brief: PitfallsHAPPI2025ReportEnglish
HPV Evidence Brief: PreparationsHAPPI2025ReportEnglish
HPV Evidence Brief: Sustaining ProgramsHAPPI2025ReportEnglish
HPV-Plus Overview - Integrated Approaches to HPV Vaccination in TanzaniaJhpiego2024ReportEnglish
Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine introduction in Sikkim state: Best practices from the first statewide multiple-age cohort HPV vaccine introduction in India–2018–2019Danish Ahmed, Pradeep Haldar, Phumzay Denzongpa, Neelam Singh, Subhendu Roy, Nitasha Kaur, Pankaj Bhatnagar, Pauline Harvey, Kristin VanderEnde, Anagha Loharikar2021Journal articleEnglish
Impact of the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine supply shortage on Tanzania’s national HPV vaccine introductionAnagha Loharikar, Dafrossa Lyimo, Raphael Nshunju, Berrington Shayo, Mary Rose Giattas, Alex Mphuru, William Mwengee, Furaha Kyesi, Anyie J. Li2021Journal articleEnglish
Introducing HPV Vaccine in Madagascar: Engaging StakeholdersJSI2016ReportEnglish
Multiple cohort HPV vaccination in Zimbabwe: 2018–2019 program feasibility, awareness, and acceptability among health, education, and community stakeholdersAluwisio Mukavhi, Anagha Loharikar, Julie R. Garon, Maxwell Rupfutse, Portia Manangazira, Qian An, Shakia Bright, Timothy Brennan2021Journal articleEnglish
National introduction of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine in Tanzania: Programmatic decision-making and implementationDafrossa Lyimo, William Mwengee, Furaha Kyesi, Anyie J. Li, Alex Mphuru, Raphael Nshunju, Berrington Shayo, Mary Rose Giattas, Anagha Loharikar, Fikiri Mazige2021Journal articleEnglish
Tanzania’s human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination program: Community awareness, feasibility, and acceptability of a national HPV vaccination program, 2019Anagha Loharikar, Fatuma Manzi, Anyie J. Li, Yusuf Makame, William Mwengee, Monica Fleming, Abdallah Mkopi, Selemani Mmbaga, Dafrossa Lyimo, Furaha Kyesi2021Journal articleEnglish
The challenge of identifying eligible girls for HPV vaccination: HPV mapping data verification in MalawiHannah Hausi, Patrick Nicks, Temwa Mzengeza, Asnakew Tsega, Dalia Khattab2021Journal articleEnglish

HPV-INTRO-PLANNING

The resource is included in the following table:

TitleAuthorYearTypeLanguage
Activities that Sustain HPV Vaccination Programs after Introduction: A Synthesis Across Five Countries in Sub-Saharan AfricaHAPPI2025ReportEnglish
Assessing HPV Vaccination Reach Among Out-of-School Girls: A Retrospective Analysis Across 10 Countries HAPPI2025ReportEnglish
Bolivia HPV technical guidelines (lineamientos)Ministerio de Salud y Deportes, Bolivia2017GuidanceSpanish
Guide du vaccinateur VPHMinistère de la santé publique, Cameroun2014GuidanceFrench
GUIDELINES FOR INTRODUCING HPV VACCINE INTEGRATED SERVICES IN TANZANIA “HPV PLUS”Tanzania Ministry of Health2019GuidanceEnglish
HPV Evidence Brief: PitfallsHAPPI2025ReportEnglish
HPV Evidence Brief: PreparationsHAPPI2025ReportEnglish
HPV Guidelines for vaccinatorsZambia Ministry of Community Development, Mother and Child HealthGuidanceEnglish
HPV Introduction Guide (MWONGOZO WA MCHANJAJI)Tanzania Ministry of Health2018GuidanceSwahili
HPV Vaccination: A Guide for Planning and Designing Demand Promotion InterventionsUNICEF2024User guideEnglish
HPV Vaccine Integration Readiness Assessment ChecklistTanzania Ministry of Health2020ToolEnglish
HPV vaccine introduction guideTanzania Ministry of Health2018GuidanceEnglish
Insights on Reaching Out-of-School Girls with HPV Vaccination from Seven Low- and Middle-Income CountriesPATH2025PresentationEnglish
Lineamientos tecnicos vacuna HPVMinisterio de Salud y Protección Social, ColombiaToolEnglish
Manual del vacunadorMinisterio de Salud, Argentina2016ToolSpanish
National Cervical Cancer Elimination Plan for Indonesia 2023-2030Indonesia Ministry of Health2023GuidanceEnglish
Nigeria HPV Pre Introduction Readiness Dashboard JSI, Clinton Health Access Initiative (CHAI)2023ToolEnglish
Project Brief: Insights from Seven Low- and Middle-Income Countries on Reaching Out-of-School Girls with HPV VaccinationPATH2025Poster/infographicEnglish, French
Reaching older girls in low- and middle-income countries with HPV vaccination: A systematic review (Brief)International Vaccine Access Center (IVAC)2026PresentationEnglish
Reaching older girls in low- and middle-income countries with HPV vaccination: A systematic review (Presentation slides) International Vaccine Access Center (IVAC)2026PresentationEnglish
Resource Guide for Strengthening HPV Vaccination Service DeliveryJSI2023User guideEnglish
Senegal Plan d’introduction du Vaccin contre le Virus du Papillome HumainSenegal Ministry of Health2016Case studyFrench
Summary of Advocacy, Communication, and Social Mobilization (ACSM) Enablers and Obstacles in NigeriaHAPPI2025Poster/infographicEnglish
Synthesis of HPV Program Learnings in NigeriaHAPPI2025ReportEnglish
Synthesis of HPV vaccine delivery costs and implications for BangladeshHAPPI2024ReportEnglish
Tanzania HPV microplanning toolsTanzania Ministry of Health2018ToolEnglish
Tanzania HPV Vaccine Roll Out PlanTanzania Ministry of Health2018ToolEnglish
The Vital Role of Communities: Experience from Human Papillomavirus Vaccination in TanzaniaJSI2020ReportEnglish
Zimbabwe District Microplanning Tool for HPVZimbabwe Ministry of Health and Child Care2018ToolEnglish
Zimbabwe HPV Vaccine Introduction Readiness Assessment QuestionnairesZimbabwe Ministry of Health and Child Care2018ToolEnglish
Zimbabwe Provincial Macroplanning Tool for HPVZimbabwe Ministry of Health and Child Care2018ToolEnglish
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