62 results
In accordance with its mandate to provide guidance to Member States on health policy matters, WHO publishes vaccine position papers providing global vaccine and immunization recommendations for...
Nationally representative household survey that provides data for wide range of monitoring and impact evaluation indicators in the areas of population, health and nutrition.
The WHO website provides a list of certain diseases for which vaccines are available, and a list of some pathogens for which vaccines and/or monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are in development. For each...
The Consortium aims to deliver a more sustainable, efficent, and transparent approach to generating disease burden and vaccine impact estimates. It works on aggregating the estimates across a...
From paper to e-records: Vietnam's electronic immunization registry- how a pilot idea grew into the National Immunization Information System
This factsheet details PATH's decade long support for the development of a National Immunization Information System (NIIS), from pilot to scale up, and the current Introducing Digital Immunization...
This document is designed to supplement the sample design, sample selection and sample size determination guidance provided by the World Health Organization (WHO) documents, “Immunization Cluster...
Countries’ interest in a hepatitis B vaccine licensed for the controlled temperature chain; survey results from African and Western Pacific regions
BACKGROUND:
The prevalence of hepatitis B (HBV) carriage in Mongolia is reported to be 14%. Universal HBV immunization of newborns has been shown to decrease carriage in Asian populations. Mongolia...
A low rate of seroconversion to hepatitis B vaccine is reported. This occurred in healthy hospital employees from two separate institutions. A total of 236 individuals were evaluated in this study...
To the editor: The paper by Francis and associates (1) in this issue shows the safety and efficacy of inactivated hepatitis B vaccine in a large multi-center trial. A disturbing finding is the lower...
Recombinant hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) particles derived from Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells were stored at various conditions for 12-18 months in their naked form or adsorbed to alum...
Infections due to hepatitis B virus (HBV) are a leading cause of death worldwide. WHO estimated that in 2015, 257 million people globally were living with chronic HBV infection and that 887 000...
With social policies increasingly directed toward enhancing equity through health programs, it is important that methods for estimating the health and economic benefits of these programs by...
The implementation of the EPI has helped to catalyze progress in different areas, including: 1. Vaccination laws. Since the first Law on Vaccination was passed in Belize in 1963, lawmakers in every...
Objective: In India, Hepatitis B vaccination is recommended at 6 wk except for hospital-deliveries. The authors examined protection afforded by the birth dose.
Methods: A case-control study was...
Monovalent Hepatitis B vaccine (HepB) is heat stable, making it suitable for storage outside cold chain (OCC) at 37 °C for 1 month. We conducted an OCC project in the Solomon Islands to determine...
OBJECTIVE: To prevent perinatal transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV), WHO recommends that the first dose of hepatitis B (HepB) vaccine be given within 24 hours after birth. This presents a...
Objectives: Protective antibodies levels, induced by Hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccine, persist for long-term after primary immunization, but there is evidence that, as the time since vaccination...
Objective: To estimate the economic impact likely to be achieved by efforts to vaccinate against 10 vaccine-preventable diseases between 2001 and 2020 in 73 low- and middle-income countries largely...
Hepatitis B is highly endemic in the Republic of Kiribati, while the coverage of timely birth dose vaccination, the primary method shown to prevent mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B virus,...
Background and aim
To prospectively evaluate the efficacy of vaccine alone compared with vaccine plus HBIG for preventing HBV transmission in neonates of HBsAg (+)/HBeAg (−)...
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination has been part of the Expanded Programme of Immunization (EPI) in Tunisia since 1995. The aim of this study was to evaluate, for the first time, the impact of mass...
Background
Despite the existence of effective prevention and treatment interventions, hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection continues to cause nearly 1 million deaths each year. WHO aspires to global...
Vaccine-preventable diseases are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. As new vaccines are proving to be effective and as the incidence of some infections decreases, vaccination practices...
BACKGROUND:
Universal hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination of newborn babies was introduced in Italy in 1991 and was extended to 12-years-old children for the first 12 years of application so as to...
BACKGROUND:
Neonatal hepatitis B vaccination has been implemented worldwide to prevent hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections. Its long-term protective efficacy on primary liver cancer (PLC) and other...
Universal neonatal hepatitis B (HB) vaccination programme is effective in the control of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in countries with different endemicity [[1], [2]]. However, the long-term...
BACKGROUND: Little is known about duration of protection after the infant primary series of hepatitis B (HB) vaccine in settings of low HB endemicity. This study sought to determine the proportion of...
A population-based hepatitis survey was carried out to estimate the prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and its predictive factors for the state capitals from the north, south, and...
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) continues to represent a major health problem and can lead to acute liver failure, acute hepatitis, chronic carriership, chronic hepatitis of HBV, liver cirrhosis, liver...
Hepatitis B vaccination for newborns was introduced in two provinces in 1988 as part of Thailand’s Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI), and extended to the whole country in 1992. Our previous...
WHO has published global guidance for immunization managers and maternal child health
professionals seeking to introduce hepatitis B birth dose into national immunization programmes
or to...
Viral hepatitis is an inflammation of the liver due to viral infections and there are groups of viruses that affects the liver of which hepatitis B and C viruses are the causative agents of sever...
Background
Despite hepatitis B vaccination at birth and at 6, 10 and 14 weeks of age, hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection continues to be endemic in the Lao People’s Democratic Republic (PDR). We...
BACKGROUND:
Hepatitis B vaccine birth dose (HepB-BD) was introduced in Lao People\'s Democratic Republic (Lao-PDR) to prevent perinatal hepatitis B virus transmission. HepB-BD, which is labeled for...
GAVI’s focus on reducing inequities in access to vaccines, immunization, and GAVI funds, − both between and within countries - has changed over time. This paper charts that evolution.
This scoping review summarizes and appraises the evidence from published and grey
literature on improving coverage of the hepatitis B birth dose vaccine. The review looks
at implementation evidence...
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) has the propensity to persist in a subset of those infected. Such chronic HBV infection can, over years, progress to liver cirrhosis and liver cancer, and is a common cause of...
An analysis of return on investment can help policy makers support, optimize, and advocate for the expansion of immunization programs in the world’s poorest countries. We assessed the return on...
Recent progress in the Japanese immunization program has partially closed the “vaccine gap,” i.e., the deficiencies in that program relative to immunization programs in other developed countries....
This review documents the available evidence and shows that vaccination in low- and middle-income countries brings important economic benefits. The cost-effectiveness studies reviewed suggest to...
Based on anti-HBs level ≥10 mIU/mL at 30 years and an 88% booster dose response, the researchers estimate that ≥90% of participants had evidence of protection 30 years later. Booster doses are...
New combination vaccines reduce the number of injections needed for immunization. However, possible drawbacks include higher prices, extra doses of vaccine antigens and increased minor adverse...
Papua New Guinea (PNG) implemented hepatitis B birth dose (BD) vaccination in 2005 yet since that time coverage has remained low, allowing mother-to-child transmission to occur. The researchers...
Chronic hepatitis B infection affects over 240 million people worldwide, with long-term morbidity such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounting for around 600,000 deaths annually...
Neonatal vaccination against hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection was launched in the 1980s in Qidong, China, where HBV and hepatocellular carcinoma were highly prevalent. Presence of immune memory and...
Disease-specific adverse events following nonlive vaccines: A paradoxical placebo effect or a nocebo
Vaccines can cause adverse reactions (AR), i.e. adverse events following immunization (AEFIs) due to the vaccine, such as local reactions or fever. In addition, live attenuated vaccines which...
Since 2000, GAVI provided essential support for an unprecedented increase in the use of hepatitis B (HepB) and Haemophilus influenzae (Hib) containing vaccines in resource poor countries. This...
During the China GAVI project, implemented between 2002 and 2010, more than 25 million children received hepatitis B vaccine with the support of project, and the vaccine proved to be safe and...
Non-responsiveness to conventional hepatitis B vaccines in individuals at high risk of exposure to hepatitis B virus (HBV) is an important public health problem and of particular relevance in health...
Chronic hepatitis B virus infection (CHBI) is effectively prevented by vaccination starting at birth. Beginning in 2002 Uganda adopted a policy of providing the pentavalent hepatitis B vaccine...
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of text message reminders (short messaging service (SMS)) on hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination completion among high risk sexual health center...
For newborn hepatitis B vaccination in China, the 10 μg strategy should be cost-effective, even more possibly highly cost-effective or cost-saving compared with the current 5 μg strategy. The doses...
This review undertakes a cost-benefit assessment of the auto-disable syringe, now being introduced to prevent the spread of hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, and human immunodeficiency virus...
Hallmarks in the remarkable evolution of vaccines and their application include the eradication of smallpox, the development and delivery of the early childhood vaccines and the emergence of...
In the decade following hepatitis B vaccine’s 1981 approval, U.S. health officials issued evolving guidelines on who should receive the vaccine: first, gay men, injection drug users, and healthcare...
The Shantha case study underscores the important role the private sector can play in global health and access to medicines. Home-grown companies in the developing world are becoming a source of...
Hepatitis B persists as a common human disease despite effective vaccines having been employed for almost 30 years. Plants were considered as alternative sources of vaccines, to be mainly orally...
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection causes infant fulminant hepatitis (IFH), and chronic HBV infection may progress to chronic liver disease (CLD) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Taiwan launched a...
This study was conducted to evaluate the pain perceptions of newborns during the hepatitis B (HBV) vaccinations performed in the facilitated tucking position and the classical holding position,...
Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection continues to make a substantial contribution to the global burden of disease. The risk of developing chronic HBV is inversely related to the age at...