Journal article
Tools and approaches to ensure quality of vaccines throughout the cold chain
The Expanded Program on Immunization was designed 40 years ago for two types of vaccines: those that are heat stable but freeze sensitive and those that are stable to freezing but heat labile. A cold chain was developed for transport and storage of such vaccines and established in all countries, despite limited access to resources and electricity in the poorest areas. However, cold chain problems occur in all countries. Recent changes to vaccines and vaccine handling include development and introduction of new vaccines with a wide range of characteristics, improvement of heat stability of several basic vaccines, observation of vaccine freezing as a real threat, development of regulatory pathways for both vaccine development and the supply chain, and emergence of new temperature monitoring devices that can pinpoint and avoid problems. With such tools, public health groups have now encouraged development of vaccines labeled for use in flexible cold chains and these tools should be considered for future systems.
Authors
- Julie Milstien
-
Umit Kartoglu
View profile | More articles
Languages
- English
Publication year
2014
Journal
Expert Review of Vaccines
Volume
7
Type
Journal article
Categories
- Supply chain & logistics
Tags
- Cold box / vaccine carrier
- Cold room / freezer room
- Distribution system
- Temperature monitoring
- Vaccine management
- VVM
VVM-POLICIES
You can find more information about "VVM-POLICIES" in the following Hot Topics:
| Title | Author | Year | Type | Language |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| VVM use at the most periphery - Serge Ganivet | EPELA, World Health Organization (WHO) | 2013 | Guidance | English |
| WHO policy statement: multi-dose vial policy (MDVP): handling of multi-dose vaccine vials after opening | World Health Organization (WHO) | 2014 | Guidance | English, French |
| Tools and approaches to ensure quality of vaccines throughout the cold chain | Julie Milstien, Umit Kartoglu | 2014 | Journal article | English |
| WHO-UNICEF policy statement on the use of vaccine vial monitors in immunization services | UNICEF, World Health Organization (WHO) | 1999 | Guidance | English, French |
| WHO-UNICEF policy statement on the implementation of vaccine vial monitors: the role of vaccine vial monitors in improving access to immunization | UNICEF, World Health Organization (WHO) | 2007 | Guidance | English |
| Vaccine Management Handbook: How to use passive containers and coolant-packs for vaccine transport and outreach operations | World Health Organization (WHO), UNICEF | 2015 | Guidance | English, French |
