Case study

Evaluating the effectiveness of Zindagi Mehfooz Electronic Immunization Registry: A suite of digital health interventions, to improve the coverage, timeliness, and completeness of immunization services in Pakistan

There is growing interest and investment in Electronic Immunization Registries (EIRs) with the increasing digitalization of health systems worldwide. The Zindagi Mehfooz (Safe Life) Electronic Immunization Registry (ZMEIR) in Sindh Province, Pakistan is a comprehensive suite of digital health interventions which aims to improve equitable access, timeliness, and coverage of child immunizations through a smartphone-based application (app) for vaccinators, web-based dashboards for supervisors and managers, and a text message reminder system and call centre for caregivers. It is a registry that enrols women and all new-borns or never vaccinated children with a unique ID/QR code assigned to each woman and child. Although originally implemented as an EIR, over the years ZM has evolved as a suite of digital health interventions that goes beyond an EIR when assessed against standard features of EIRs as documented by PATH (2021) and PAHO (2017). In 2012-13, only about half (58.3%) of children (12-23 months) received all basic vaccinations (PDHS 2012-13) in Pakistan, with marked geographic variation across the country; Sindh province had a full immunization coverage of 35% (MICs, 2014). This report documents the impact of ZMEIR on increasing the proportion of children 12-23 months fully immunized in Sindh province through the increased availability and use of data and provides further evidence on the impact and cost-effectiveness of ZM-EIR, which serves to increase the knowledge of the benefits of EIRs as part of a suite of digital health interventions, further contributing to the evidence base related to digital health. ZM-EIR aims to strengthen the EPI service delivery and health system through addressing the problem of low and delayed coverage that leaves children susceptible to vaccine-preventable diseases.

Health Information Systems & Data Use

The resource is included in the following table:

TitleAuthorYearTypeLanguage
COVID-19 innovations and digital applications for routine immunisation Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance, HealthEnabled2022ReportEnglish
Digital health for real-time monitoring of a national immunisation campaign in Indonesia: a large-scale effectiveness evaluationHafizah Jusril, Rita Damayanti, Iwan Ariawan2020ReportEnglish
Digital Health Information Interventions for Immunisation Demand Generation: A guide for selecting appropriate tools and technologies Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance, HealthEnabled2022GuidanceEnglish
Digital Health Interventions to Support Health Workers Providing Immunisation ServicesGavi, the Vaccine Alliance, HealthEnabled2024GuidanceEnglish
Digital Transformation of Immunization: National Digital Health Information Costed Country Roadmap ToolkitHealthEnabled, Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance, UNICEF2022ToolEnglish
Effective Design, Implementation, Integration, and Evaluation of Digital Health Systems to Enhance the Strategic Use of Data for Immunisation Programming. District Health Information Software 2 (DHIS2) & Immunisation Country Case Study: GhanaHealthEnabled2024Case studyEnglish
Enhancing Immunisation Programme Planning, Service Delivery, and Monitoring through the Effective use of Sub-national Data and DHI interventionsHealthEnabled, Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance2022GuidanceEnglish
Ethiopia’s electronic community health information system: a tool to achieve universal health coverageGavi, the Vaccine Alliance, HealthEnabled2024Case studyEnglish
Evaluating the effectiveness of Zindagi Mehfooz Electronic Immunization Registry: A suite of digital health interventions, to improve the coverage, timeliness, and completeness of immunization services in Pakistan HealthEnabled, Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance, GALLUP PAKISTAN, Interactive Research & Development (IRD)2023Case studyEnglish
Finding the Signal through the Noise: A landscape review and framework to enhance the effective use of digital social listening for immunisation demand generationGavi, the Vaccine Alliance, HealthEnabled, UNICEF, Vaccination Demand Hub, World Health Organization (WHO)2021ReportEnglish
Geospatial Microplanning Toolkit (GMT): Identifying and reaching zero-dose and under-immunised children in NigeriaGavi, the Vaccine Alliance, HealthEnabled2024ToolEnglish
Ghana Integrated Logistics Management System: Improving supply chains to bring health for allGavi, the Vaccine Alliance, HealthEnabled2024ToolEnglish
Leveraging Digital Health Information for Vaccination Programs in the Democratic Republic of Congo: A Case StudyGavi, the Vaccine Alliance, HealthEnabled2024Case studyEnglish
PROMPTS: AI-Enabled Messaging to Improve Delivery and Uptake of Immunisation Services in KenyaGavi, the Vaccine Alliance, HealthEnabled2024Case studyEnglish
Real-Time Monitoring for Vaccination Campaigns in MalawiGavi, the Vaccine Alliance, HealthEnabled2023GuidanceEnglish
Rwanda’s Experience Scaling Real-time Monitoring Approaches Using Digital Solutions to Support COVID-19 Surveillance, COVID-19 Vaccination and Case ManagementWorld Health Organization (WHO), UNICEF, Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance2022Case studyEnglish, French
Sub-national multi-source data for immunisation programme decision-makingGavi, the Vaccine Alliance, HealthEnabled2022ReportEnglish
Technical Brief: Digital Health Interventions for Supportive Supervision of Health Workers Providing Immunisation ServicesGavi, the Vaccine Alliance, HealthEnabled2024GuidanceEnglish
The Use of Digital Technologies and Approaches for Real-Time Monitoring of Supplementary Immunization Activities Good practices and lessons learnedUNICEF, Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance2021ReportEnglish
Timely detection of vaccine-preventable diseases for targeted vaccination and outbreak responseGavi, the Vaccine Alliance, HealthEnabled2022ReportEnglish

Workforce & Capacity Building

The resource is included in the following table:

TitleAuthorYearTypeLanguage
Evaluating the effectiveness of Zindagi Mehfooz Electronic Immunization Registry: A suite of digital health interventions, to improve the coverage, timeliness, and completeness of immunization services in Pakistan HealthEnabled, Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance, GALLUP PAKISTAN, Interactive Research & Development (IRD)2023Case studyEnglish
Finding the Signal through the Noise: A landscape review and framework to enhance the effective use of digital social listening for immunisation demand generationGavi, the Vaccine Alliance, HealthEnabled, UNICEF, Vaccination Demand Hub, World Health Organization (WHO)2021ReportEnglish
Gavi Digital Health Information to Digital Health Strategy: Artificial Intelligence & Machine Learning for ImmunisationGavi, the Vaccine Alliance, HealthEnabled2024ReportEnglish
Improving digital literacy in Papua New Guinea through Remote LearningGavi, the Vaccine Alliance, HealthEnabled2024Case studyEnglish
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