As part of its efforts to explore building on the foundation of the Digital Health Information Strategy into a broader Digital Health Strategy, Gavi, The Vaccine Alliance has highlighted the need to document the current state of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning or (ML) or AI/ML for immunisation service planning, delivery, supply chain management, social behaviour communication, and monitoring. This technical brief aims to provide a framework that Gavi and stakeholders can use to help countries prioritise AI/ML for engagement and investment. The integration of AI/ML into immunisation programs presents transformative potential, which can benefit broader primary healthcare (PHC).
Governance Coordination & Policy
The resource is included in the following table:
| Title | Author | Year | Type | Language |
|---|
| Change management to improve adoption, uptake, and scale of digital health interventions A review of implementation approaches and frameworks | Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance | 2025 | Guidance | English |
| Demand promotion and community engagement - Tackling inequity by promoting demand for immunisation | Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance | 2023 | User guide | English |
| Digital health for real-time monitoring of a national immunisation campaign in Indonesia: a large-scale effectiveness evaluation | Hafizah Jusril, Rita Damayanti, Iwan Ariawan | 2020 | Report | English |
| Digital Health Information Interventions for Immunisation Demand Generation: A guide for selecting appropriate tools and technologies | Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance, HealthEnabled | 2022 | Guidance | English |
| Digital Health Information Strategy 2022-2025 | Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance, HealthEnabled | 2022 | Guidance | English |
| Digital Transformation of Immunization: National Digital Health Information Costed Country Roadmap Toolkit | HealthEnabled, Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance, UNICEF | 2022 | Tool | English |
| Effective Design, Implementation, Integration, and Evaluation of Digital Health Systems to Enhance the Strategic Use of Data for Immunisation Programming. District Health Information Software 2 (DHIS2) & Immunisation Country Case Study: Ghana | HealthEnabled | 2024 | Case study | English |
| Enhancing Immunisation Programme Planning, Service Delivery, and Monitoring through the Effective use of Sub-national Data and DHI interventions | HealthEnabled, Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance | 2022 | Guidance | English |
| Gavi Digital Health Information to Digital Health Strategy: Artificial Intelligence & Machine Learning for Immunisation | Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance, HealthEnabled | 2024 | Report | English |
| Gender-Intentional Digital Health Intervention & Enablers: A Rapid Guide for Analysis, Planning, and Monitoring | Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance, HealthEnabled | 2022 | Guidance | English |
| Increasing demand for immunisation, preventing and reducing loss to follow-up, and promoting community engagement through the effective use of digital health interventions | Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance, HealthEnabled | 2022 | Report | English |
| Sub-national multi-source data for immunisation programme decision-making | Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance, HealthEnabled | 2022 | Report | English |
| Technical Brief: Digital Health Interventions for Supportive Supervision of Health Workers Providing Immunisation Services | Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance, HealthEnabled | 2024 | Guidance | English |
Workforce & Capacity Building
The resource is included in the following table:
| Title | Author | Year | Type | Language |
|---|
| Evaluating the effectiveness of Zindagi Mehfooz Electronic Immunization Registry: A suite of digital health interventions, to improve the coverage, timeliness, and completeness of immunization services in Pakistan | HealthEnabled, Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance, GALLUP PAKISTAN, Interactive Research & Development (IRD) | 2023 | Case study | English |
| Finding the Signal through the Noise: A landscape review and framework to enhance the effective use of digital social listening for immunisation demand generation | Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance, HealthEnabled, UNICEF, Vaccination Demand Hub, World Health Organization (WHO) | 2021 | Report | English |
| Gavi Digital Health Information to Digital Health Strategy: Artificial Intelligence & Machine Learning for Immunisation | Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance, HealthEnabled | 2024 | Report | English |
| Improving digital literacy in Papua New Guinea through Remote Learning | Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance, HealthEnabled | 2024 | Case study | English |
